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总字数:23000+
摘要
有毒有害混合气体中各组分浓度及其烟雾的检测在煤矿瓦斯、石油化工、环境保护、城市地下井廊等领域有着广泛的应用。本文首先对比了常见的气体检测方法,通常气体检测仪器选择为气色相谱仪,由于体积较大、成本高且只能检测单一气体所以不适合用于公共交通的气体检测。半导体气体传感器成本低、体积小、检测较为灵敏度,因此此次设计一款有害混合气体检测仪,本文基于单片机技术、传感器技术设计一款环境检测系统分析仪。本文主要研究可以分为软件和硬件两大部分来进行设计:硬件部分,采用STC89C52单片机作为此次设计的主控芯片,采用MQ-135混合气体检测模块检测环境中的有害混合气体浓度,采用MQ-2检测烟雾浓度,采用温湿度检测模块对当前环境中的温湿度进行实时监测,检测到有害混合气体浓度、大于设置的最大值,进行声光报警,并自动打开通风继电器,监测到当前的温度较高,风扇运行进行降温,监测到湿度过低,对其进行加湿控制,并将检测的数据显示在液晶显示屏上;软件部分,该设计通过AD进行原理图和PCB的绘制,Keil5进行程序的撰写,通过Visio进行流程图的绘制。通过软件和硬件配合,此次设计可以实现对环境中的有害混合气体、烟雾浓度、温湿度进行实时监测和控制的功能,保障井下工作人员的工作安全。
关键词;有害混合气体监测;烟雾检测;温湿度;声光报警;测控
Abstract
The detection of the concentration of each component in toxic and harmful mixed gas and its smoke has been widely used in the fields of coal mine gas, petrochemical industry, environmental protection, urban underground well corridor and so on. Firstly, this paper compares the common gas detection methods. Usually, gas chromatograph is chosen as the gas detection instrument, which is not suitable for gas detection in public transportation due to its large volume, high cost and only single gas detection. Semiconductor gas sensor has low cost, small volume and relatively sensitive detection, so this design of a harmful mixture of gas detector, this paper based on SCM technology, sensor technology to design an environmental detection system analyzer. The main research in this paper can be divided into software and hardware for design: In the hardware part, STC89C52 microcontroller is used as the main control chip of this design, MQ-135 mixed gas detection module is used to detect the concentration of harmful mixed gas in the environment, MQ-2 is used to detect the concentration of smoke, and the temperature and humidity detection module is used to monitor the temperature and humidity in the current environment in real time. If the concentration of harmful mixed gas is detected to be greater than the maximum value, sound and light alarm will be given, and the ventilation relay will be automatically opened. When the current temperature is detected to be high, the fan will run to cool down, and the humidity is detected to be too low, humidification control will be carried out, and the detected data will be displayed on the LCD screen. In the software part, the design uses AD to draw the schematic diagram and PCB, Keil5 to write the program and Visio to draw the flow chart. Through the coordination of software and hardware, the design can realize real-time monitoring and control of harmful mixed gases, smoke concentration, temperature and humidity in the environment, and ensure the safety of underground workers.
Keywords: Harmful mixture gas monitoring; Smoke detection; Temperature and humidity; Sound and light alarm; Measurement and control
目录
第一章 绪论
第二章 系统设计方案
第三章硬件设计
第四章 系统程序设计
第五章 仿真测试
第六章 实物测试
第七章 结论