项目编号：mcuclub-jk-004
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总字数：13000+
摘 要
本文设计了一个客车超载监控系统，以STC89C52单片机为核心，利用红外对射管电路、按键电路、声光报警电路，能够通过按键手动设置核载人数上限值，并用显示屏显示车内的核载人数、实时实载人数。当客车内人数超载时，系统发出声光报警，并通过继电器切断客车的电子启动装置，从而将汽车锁定，使之无法行驶。当超载解除后，声光报警也相应的解除，客车锁定解除，可以正常运行。
本设计共分两部分，硬件系统设计和软件系统设计。硬件部分利用两对分离式红外对射管模拟前后门计数，将乘客的上、下车情况进行检测和判断并输入单片机系统。经过单片机系统将处理的数据送到显示屏显示，声光报警电路由蜂鸣器和发光二极管组成，用继电器实现对客车启动装置的锁定。软件部分用汇编语言进行编程，采用模块化设计思想。该系统通过调试后，能够较好的完成客车超载的预警提示，并对超载情况进行相关控制。
关键词：客车；超载；监控；单片机
Abstract
In this paper, a bus overload monitoring system is designed, which takes STC89C52 single chip microcomputer as the core, uses infrared radiation tube circuit, key circuit, acousto-optic alarm circuit, can manually set the upper limit value of the number of people who check the load by pressing the key, and displays the number of people who check the load in the car and the real-time number of people who actually load by using the display screen. When the number of people in the bus is overloaded, the system will give an audible and visual alarm, and cut off the electronic starting device of the bus through the relay, so as to lock the car and make it unable to drive. When the overload is relieved, the audible and visual alarm will be relieved accordingly, and the passenger car will be unlocked and can operate normally.
This design is divided into two parts, hardware system design and software system design. In the hardware part, two pairs of separate infrared tubes are used to simulate the front and rear door counting, and the boarding and alighting conditions of passengers are detected and judged and input into the microcontroller system. The processed data is sent to the display screen for display by the single-chip microcomputer system. The audible and visual alarm circuit is composed of a buzzer and a light-emitting diode. The relay is used to lock the bus starting device. The software part is programmed with assembly language and adopts modular design idea. After debugging, the system can well complete the warning prompt of passenger car overload and control the overload situation.
Key words: passenger cars; Overload; monitor; singlechip
目 录
摘 要
Abstract
1 绪论
2 系统方案设计
3 硬件设计
4 系统程序设计
5 仿真测试
6 实物调试
7 总结
致谢
参考文献
附录
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