项目编号：mcuclub-dz-196
设计简介：
项目名：花盆（实物）
项目编号：mcuclub-dz-196
单片机类型：STM32F103C8T6
具体功能：
1、通过防水式DS18B20测量土壤温度，当温度高于设置最大值时，进行风扇降温，低于设置最大值，进行防水加热
2、通过土壤湿度传感器检测湿度值，当湿度值低于设置最小值时，进行水泵浇水
3、通过光敏电阻检测光照值，当光照值小于设置最小值时则自动进行补光；当光照值大于设置最大值时，则自动打开遮雨棚进行遮光（四相步进电机模拟）
4、通过雨水检测模块检测是否下雨，如果下雨，则自动打开遮雨棚
5、通过热释电感应模块检测是否有小动物，如果有，则启动电机驱赶
6、通过SGP30检测CO2浓度，当浓度超过设置最大值，进行声光报警
7、通过按键可设置各阈值
8、通过OLED显示屏显示测量值
9、通过蓝牙模块将测量数据发送到手机端，并可以控制风扇、加热、水泵、补光、遮光棚以及模式切换
总字数：18848
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基于单片机下的新型智能花盆设计
摘 要
随着科技的发展，智能农业成为农业领域的一个重要研究方向。本论文提出了一种基于STM32F103C8T6单片机的新型智能花盆设计，旨在实现对植物生长环境的精细监测和智能控制。该设计结合了多种传感器和执行器，通过多种功能模块的协同工作，能够实现对土壤温度、湿度、光照、雨水、CO2浓度以及动物存在等环境参数的实时监测和调节。
具体功能包括：首先，采用防水式DS18B20传感器实时测量土壤温度，并根据设定的最大值和最小值控制风扇降温和防水加热，从而为植物提供适宜的生长环境。其次，通过土壤湿度传感器监测湿度值，根据设定的最小值触发水泵进行浇水，确保土壤湿度维持在适宜的范围。此外，利用光敏电阻检测光照值，根据设定的最小值和最大值自动进行补光和遮光棚的控制，保证植物光照条件的稳定。针对天气变化，通过雨水检测模块判断是否下雨，并自动控制遮雨棚的开闭，保护植物免受雨水影响。在动植物互动方面，引入热释电感应模块，实现对小动物的检测，并通过电机驱赶，维护植物的生长环境。此外，通过SGP30传感器监测CO2浓度，一旦超过设定的最大值，会触发声光报警，提醒维护人员进行处理。用户可以通过设备上的按键设定各种阈值，以适应不同植物的生长需求。最后，OLED显示屏实时显示各项测量值，使用户可以方便地了解植物生长环境的状况。此外，通过蓝牙模块，用户可以将测量数据发送到手机端，实现远程监控，同时也可以通过手机远程控制风扇、加热、水泵、补光、遮光棚以及模式切换，从而更加智能地管理植物生长环境。
综上所述，该智能花盆设计充分利用了STM32F103C8T6单片机的处理能力和多种传感器、执行器的功能，实现了对植物生长环境的全方位监测和智能控制，为智能农业的发展提供了一种创新的解决方案。
关键词：智能花盆；单片机；环境监测；植物生长；传感器与执行器；远程控制
Abstract
With the advancement of technology, smart agriculture has become a significant research direction in the field of agriculture. This paper proposes a novel intelligent flowerpot design based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller, aiming to achieve precise monitoring and intelligent control of the plant growth environment. This design integrates various sensors and actuators, and through the collaboration of multiple functional modules, it can achieve real-time monitoring and adjustment of environmental parameters such as soil temperature, humidity, light intensity, rainfall, CO2 concentration, and the presence of animals.
Specific functionalities include: Firstly, a waterproof DS18B20 sensor is used to measure soil temperature in real-time. Based on the set maximum and minimum values, it controls fan cooling and waterproof heating, providing an optimal growth environment for plants. Secondly, a soil humidity sensor monitors humidity levels and triggers a water pump for irrigation when the value falls below the set minimum, ensuring that soil humidity remains within the suitable range. Additionally, a light-dependent resistor detects light intensity, and based on the set minimum and maximum values, it automatically controls supplementary lighting and the shading structure, ensuring stable light conditions for plants. In response to weather changes, a rainfall detection module determines whether it’s raining and automatically controls the opening and closing of the rain shelter to protect plants from rainwater.In terms of interaction between fauna and flora, a pyroelectric sensor is introduced to detect small animals and drive them away using a motor, thereby maintaining the plant’s growth environment. Furthermore, the SGP30 sensor monitors CO2 concentration, triggering audible and visual alarms if the concentration exceeds the set maximum, alerting maintenance personnel for necessary actions. Users can set various thresholds using buttons on the device to accommodate the growth requirements of different plants. Lastly, an OLED display screen provides real-time visualization of measured values, allowing users to conveniently understand the plant’s growth environment. Moreover, through a Bluetooth module, users can send measurement data to a mobile device for remote monitoring and control. This allows remote control of functions like fan, heating, water pump, supplementary lighting, shading structure, and mode switching, contributing to a more intelligent management of the plant growth environment.
In summary, this intelligent flowerpot design leverages the processing power of the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller and the functionalities of various sensors and actuators, achieving comprehensive monitoring and intelligent control of the plant growth environment. It provides an innovative solution for the development of smart agriculture.
Keywords: Intelligent flowerpot; Microcontroller; Environmental monitoring; Plant growth; Sensors and actuators; Remote control.
目录
基于单片机下的新型智能花盆设计 I
一、绪论 1
二、总体方案设计 4
三、硬件系统设计 7
四、软件设计 20
五、 实物测试 27
总结与展望 37
参考文献 38
致谢 39
附录 40