设计说明书
总字数：9000+
摘 要
电动车作为主流交通工具之一，尽管方便了人们的日常出行，但车辆被窃和车辆防摔等问题，也困扰着大多数电动车车主。为解决电动车在使用过程的防盗和安全问题，开发一款电动车远程监控系统迫在眉睫。本设计基于STM32单片机，通过六轴加速检测器监测电动车是否摔倒、通过GPS定位系统进行定位、通过GSM发送短信以及直流电机驱动模块一起构成电动车远程监控系统，方便车主对电动车进行实时监控。本系统利用GSM的通信方式，检测到电动车摔倒，电动车停止运行，摔倒30s之后进行声光报警，提醒周围人，且用户可以通过发送指令“P”获取当前电动车的位置，通过按键控制电动车的速度。经过实物测试，该电动车监控系统稳定性强、操作简单、价格便宜，具有很好的实用价值，可进行深入研发和推广。
关键词：电动车；MPU6050；GPS定位；GSM；声光报警
Abstract
As one of the mainstream transportation tools, electric vehicles have facilitated people’s daily travel, but problems such as vehicle theft and vehicle fall prevention have also plagued most electric vehicle owners. In order to solve the anti-theft and safety problems of electric vehicles during use, it is urgent to develop a remote monitoring system for electric vehicles. This design is based on the STM32 microcontroller, which monitors whether the electric vehicle has fallen through a six-axis acceleration detector, performs positioning through a GPS positioning system, sends short messages through GSM, and a DC motor drive module to form a remote monitoring system for the electric vehicle, facilitating real-time monitoring of the electric vehicle by the vehicle owner. This system uses GSM communication mode to detect a fall of an electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle stops running. After 30 seconds of falling, an audible and visual alarm will be given to remind people around. The user can obtain the current position of the electric vehicle by sending a command “P”, and control the speed of the electric vehicle by pressing a button. After physical testing, the electric vehicle monitoring system has strong stability, simple operation, low price, and good practical value, which can be further developed and promoted.
Key words：electric vehicle; MPU6050; GPS positioning; GSM; Sound and light alarm
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 课题背景和意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 项目的设计任务
2 总体方案设计
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1主控模块方案选择
2.1.2 发送报警信号模块方案选择
2.2 系统总体设计思路
3 硬件系统设计
3.1 主控模块电路
3.2 电动车状态检测模块电路
3.3 GPS定位模块电路
3.4 GSM发送短信模块电路
3.5 直流电机驱动模块电路
3.6 声光报警模块电路
3.7 按键模块电路
4 软件设计
4.1 系统主流程设计
4.2 独立按键
4.3 发送短信模块子流程设计
4.4 直流电机驱动模块子流程设计
5 实物测试
5.1 实物调试
5.2直流电机控制转速测试
5.3摔倒检测模块实物测试
5.3短信发送实物测试
结论
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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