设计说明书
总字数：14000+
摘 要
由于近年来汽车保有量与停车位的增长速率不成正比，停车位的抢夺已经成为一个热门的社会话题，随之出现的车位锁为这一社会问题提供了良好的解决方案。针对传统手动车位锁使用不便以及现有智能车位锁功耗大、安全系数低等弊端本文旨在利用低功耗蓝牙技术来设计一款感应式智能车位锁。本设计采用STM32单片机作为主控芯片，采用RFID刷卡打开电磁锁，采用红外避障模块检测是否有车，采用按键进行添加卡或删除卡，采用OLED显示屏显示是否添加或删除成功。本设计以低功耗蓝牙技术为核心设计了系统实现方案，并据此完成了整套硬件电路以及相应软件的研究、设计与实现。整套系统的硬件电路基于低功耗蓝牙处理器，集成了驱动、车位检测、显示、刷卡等外围硬件电路，具有性能稳定、抗干扰能力强等特点。在根据软硬件方案设计完成电路板的焊接以及程序的编写与调试之后，本课题分别从通讯、车位检测、功能等方面对所设计的智能车位锁系统进行了测试与分析。结果表明，本课题所设计的智能车位锁基本满足预设需求。
关键词：车位锁；STM32；RFID；指纹
Abstract
Due to the non proportional growth rate of car ownership and parking spaces in recent years, the seizure of parking spaces has become a hot social topic, and the emergence of parking lock has provided a good solution to this social problem. In view of the disadvantages of traditional manual parking lock, such as inconvenient use, high power consumption and low Factor of safety of existing intelligent parking lock, this paper aims to use low-power Bluetooth technology to design an inductive intelligent parking lock.This design uses STM32 single chip microcomputer as the main control chip, uses RFID card swiping to open the Electromagnetic lock, uses infrared obstacle avoidance module to detect whether there is a car, uses keys to add or delete cards, and uses OLED display screen to display whether the addition or deletion is successful. This design takes low-power Bluetooth technology as the core to design a system implementation plan, and based on this, the entire hardware circuit and corresponding software research, design, and implementation have been completed. The hardware circuit of the entire system is based on a low-power Bluetooth processor, integrating peripheral hardware circuits such as driver, parking space detection, display, and card swiping. It has stable performance and strong anti-interference ability.After completing the soldering of the circuit board and programming and debugging based on the software and hardware scheme, this project tested and analyzed the designed intelligent parking lock system from the aspects of communication, parking space detection, and functionality. The results indicate that the intelligent parking lock designed in this project basically meets the preset requirements..
Key words：Parking lock; STM32; RFID; fingerprint
目录
1 绪论
1.1项目背景和意义
1.2国内外研究现状
1.3项目的设计任务
2总体方案设计
2.1主要元器件选择
2.1.1主控模块方案选择
2.1.2按键方案选择
2.1.3显示模块方案选择
2.1.4红外避障模块方案选择
2.2系统总体设计思路
3硬件系统设计
3.1主控模块电路
3.1.1 主控模块电路
3.1.2 晶振电路
3.1.3 复位电路
3.1.4 电源电路
3.1.5 下载电路
3.2车位监测模块模块
3.3RFID刷卡模块
3.4步进电机模块
3.5显示模块电路
3.6 按键电路
3.7蓝牙模块（ECB02）
4软件设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 步进电机子流程
4.5 OLED显示流程设计
4.6 蓝牙模块子流程
5实物测试
5.1实物运行测试
5.2刷卡打开电磁锁测试
5.3车位监测模块实物测试
5.4添加或删除卡模块测试
5.5蓝牙模块实物测试
结论
参考文献
致谢
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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