设计说明书
总字数：14000+
本论文设计了一款智能垃圾桶，利用STM32F103C8T6单片机实现控制和监测功能。该垃圾桶具备以下功能：首先，利用超声波传感器测量垃圾桶的剩余量，并根据剩余量的百分比显示相应的状态灯。当剩余量为0时，红色LED灯亮，否则绿色LED灯亮，提醒用户及时清理垃圾。其次，通过红外避障管检测垃圾桶附近是否有人。如果有人且垃圾桶剩余量不为0，通过舵机自动打开垃圾桶盖，方便投放垃圾。如果垃圾桶剩余量为0，则不打开垃圾桶盖并触发蜂鸣器报警3秒提醒用户。此外，用户还可通过按键手动打开垃圾桶盖。第三，利用火焰传感器检测是否发生火灾。一旦检测到火焰，蜂鸣器会发出报警，提醒用户采取相应的应对措施。当垃圾桶盖关闭时，使用紫外线消毒灯进行消毒，确保垃圾桶的卫生状况。最后，通过OLED显示屏实时显示垃圾桶的剩余量，方便用户了解当前垃圾桶的状态。通过本论文的研究，实现了智能垃圾桶的自动控制和监测功能，提升了垃圾桶的使用便捷性和卫生性。未来的研究可以进一步优化算法和扩展功能，以满足更多用户的需求。
关键词：智能垃圾桶；单片机；超声波测量；红外避障；火焰传感器；OLED显示屏
This paper presents the design of an intelligent trash bin, utilizing the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller for control and monitoring functions. The trash bin is equipped with the following features: Firstly, it employs an ultrasonic sensor to measure the remaining capacity of the bin, and displays corresponding status lights based on the percentage of remaining capacity. When the remaining capacity is 0, a red LED light illuminates; otherwise, a green LED light indicates that there is still space for trash. This serves as a reminder for users to empty the bin in a timely manner. Secondly, a infrared obstacle avoidance sensor is used to detect the presence of individuals near the trash bin. If there is a person nearby and the remaining capacity is not zero, a servo motor automatically opens the lid of the bin for easy disposal. If the remaining capacity is 0, the lid remains closed and a buzzer alarm sounds for 3 seconds, alerting the user. Additionally, users can manually open the bin lid using a dedicated button. Thirdly, a flame sensor is utilized to detect the occurrence of fire. Once a flame is detected, a buzzer alarm is triggered, alerting users to take appropriate measures. When the bin lid is closed, a UV disinfection lamp is activated to ensure the hygiene of the trash bin. Lastly, an OLED display screen is employed to provide real-time information about the remaining capacity of the bin, enabling users to easily monitor its status.Through the research presented in this paper, the automatic control and monitoring features of the intelligent trash bin have been realized, enhancing the convenience and hygiene of waste disposal. Future research can focus on further optimizing algorithms and expanding the functionalities to meet the diverse needs of users.
Key words:intelligent trash bin; microcontroller; ultrasonic measurement; infrared obstacle avoidance; flame sensor; OLED display screen.
目 次
摘 要
Abstract
1 引言
1.1 课题研究的意义和背景
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 此次设计研究目的
2 整体硬件的设计与实现
2.1 系统整体结构
2.2 方案论证与比较
2.2.1 主控芯片选择
2.2.2 垃圾桶余量检测模块方案
2.2.3 人体检测模块方案
2.2.4 火焰检测模块方案
2.2.5 显示模块方案
3 具体硬件设计
3.1 STM32F103C8T6主控模块电路
3.2 超声波检测电路设计
3.3 红外避障模块检测电路
3.4 火焰检测电路设计
3.5 指示灯电路模块
3.6 显示电路设计
3.7 蜂鸣器报警模块电路设计
3.8 独立按键模块电路设计
3.9 舵机电路模块
3.10 消毒灯电路模块
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
5实物制作过程
5.1 PCB板的制作流程
5.2 调试过程
5.2.1硬件调试
5.2.2软件调试
5.3实物功能测试
5.3.1 垃圾桶余量检测实物测试
5.3.2 垃圾桶火焰检测实物测试
5.3.3 垃圾桶消毒实物测试
6 总结与展望
致 谢
参考文献
附录1 ：硬件原理图
附录2：硬件PCB图
附录3：部分源程序
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