设计说明书
总字数：17000+
本毕业论文基于单片机的设计研究旨在探索和实现一种多功能密码锁系统。通过使用STM32F103C8T6单片机作为核心控制器，结合相关硬件和软件技术，实现了密码锁的多种功能，包括密码管理、指纹识别、存储功能、错误处理和门磁锁控制等。在系统设计中，我们采用了4×4矩阵键盘作为用户输入设备，提供了数字键、删除键、确定键以及特定功能键。用户可以通过输入正确的管理员密码来进行密码重置、一键还原密码、添加指纹和删除指纹等操作。系统使用AT24C02芯片实现密码的掉电保存，确保密码在断电情况下能够得到保留。为了增强系统的安全性，我们引入了错误处理机制。当用户输入的密码或指纹不正确时，系统会通过语音播报提示错误，并在连续输入错误达到一定次数后，对键盘和指纹模块进行锁定，同时蜂鸣器会发出报警声。这种设计有效地防止了密码和指纹的恶意尝试破解。另外，我们使用继电器控制门磁锁的开关状态，实现了模拟开门和关门的功能。当密码正确解锁时，系统会通过语音播报欢迎词语，提高了用户体验和安全性。最后，我们在显示屏上显示输入的密码，采用”*”号进行遮蔽，以防止密码泄露。同时，用户可以在输入密码时添加前后的扰乱码，只要包含正确密码即可。通过对该多功能密码锁系统的设计和实现，我们验证了其在安全性、功能性和用户友好性方面的优势。未来的改进工作可以进一步提升系统的稳定性、扩展更多功能以及优化用户界面，以满足不同场景下的需求。
关键字：单片机；多功能密码锁；STM32F103C8T6；键盘输入；指纹识别；安全性
This thesis presents a design and research on a multi-functional password lock system based on a microcontroller. By utilizing the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller as the core controller and integrating relevant hardware and software technologies, various functions of the password lock system are implemented, including password management, fingerprint recognition, storage capability, error handling, and magnetic door lock control. The system employs a 4×4 matrix keypad as the user input device, offering numeric keys, delete key, confirm key, and specific function keys. Users can perform operations such as password reset, one-key password restoration, fingerprint addition, and fingerprint deletion by entering the correct administrator password. The AT24C02 chip is utilized for power-off data storage, ensuring that passwords are retained in case of power loss.To enhance system security, an error handling mechanism is introduced. When users input an incorrect password or mismatched fingerprint, the system provides audio feedback for error indication. After a certain number of consecutive incorrect attempts, the keyboard and fingerprint module are locked, and the buzzer emits an alarm. This design effectively prevents malicious attempts to crack passwords or fingerprints. Additionally, a relay is employed to control the status of the magnetic door lock, enabling simulation of door opening and closing. Upon successful password unlocking, the system delivers a welcoming message through audio feedback, enhancing user experience and security. Furthermore, the entered password is displayed on a screen with asterisks (*) to prevent password leakage. Users can also add random characters before and after the password for obfuscation purposes, as long as the correct password is included.Through the design and implementation of this multi-functional password lock system, the advantages in terms of security, functionality, and user-friendliness are validated. Future improvement work can focus on enhancing system stability, expanding functionalities, and optimizing the user interface to meet diverse demands in different scenarios.
Keywords:microcontroller； multi-functional password lock； STM32F103C8T6；keypad input；fingerprint recognition； security
目录
摘 要
Abstract
第1章 引 言
1.1 选题背景及实际意义
1.2 国内外发展历程
1.3 本论文研究目标
第2章 系统设计方案
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 无线控制模块方案选择
2.1.3 显示模块方案选择
2.2 整体设计方案
第3章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 矩阵键盘电路模块
3.3 显示模块电路
3.4 存储模块电路
3.5 语音输出模块电路模块
3.6 继电器模块电路
3.7 蓝牙模块电路
3.8 指纹模块电路
3.9 蜂鸣器模块电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 矩阵键盘子流程
4.4 存储模块子流程
4.5 OLED显示流程设计
4.6 蓝牙模块子流程
第5章 功能测试
5.1 整体实物测试图
5.2 密码开锁实物测试
5.3 指纹开锁实物测试
5.4 手机开锁实物测试
5.5 错误超过3次锁屏实物测试
结论
参考文献
致 谢
附录一: 原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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