设计说明书
总字数：17000+
本篇毕业论文设计了一个基于STC89C52单片机的环境监测系统，结合实物和仿真实现了多项功能。以下是功能简介：温湿度监测：使用DHT11传感器检测温度和湿度。当温度超过35℃时，开启沐浴设备；当温度低于35℃但高于15℃时，打开电风扇；当温度低于15℃时，关闭电风扇；当温度低于10℃时，开启热风机；当湿度超过75%时，开启除湿器；当湿度低于50%时，开启加湿器。距离测量：利用超声波传感器测量距离，总高度设定为120cm。当距离超过100cm，即剩余值小于20cm时，触发蜂鸣器进行报警。CO2浓度监测：使用SGP30传感器测量CO2值。当CO2值超过800ppm时，开启通风设备。时间同步：通过DS1302实时时钟模块同步时间。当时间在18:00至23:00之间时，开启灯光。阈值设置：通过按键设置各项监测的阈值，可以灵活调整系统的触发条件。显示测量值：通过LCD1602液晶显示屏显示各项测量值，使用户可以直观地查看监测结果。该设计综合运用了多个传感器和外设，利用STC89C52单片机进行数据处理和控制，实现了对环境的全面监测和智能控制。通过合理设置阈值和报警机制，提高了生活安全和舒适度。通过LCD显示屏的应用，使得监测结果更加直观易读。在未来的研究中，可以进一步优化系统的稳定性和扩展性，使其适应更广泛的应用场景。
关键词：单片机；环境监测；温湿度传感器；超声波传感器；CO2传感器；LCD显示屏
This graduation thesis presents the design of an environmental monitoring system based on the STC89C52 microcontroller, which combines physical implementation and simulation to achieve multiple functions. The following is a brief introduction to the functions:Temperature and humidity monitoring: The DHT11 sensor is used to detect temperature and humidity. When the temperature exceeds 35℃, the bath device is activated; when the temperature is below 35℃ but above 15℃, the fan is turned on; when the temperature is below 15℃, the fan is turned off; when the temperature is below 10℃, the heater is activated; when the humidity exceeds 75%, the dehumidifier is turned on; when the humidity is below 50%, the humidifier is turned on.Distance measurement: The ultrasonic sensor is used to measure the distance, with a total height set at 120cm. When the distance exceeds 100cm, indicating a remaining value less than 20cm, the buzzer is triggered for an alarm.CO2 concentration monitoring: The SGP30 sensor is used to measure CO2 levels. When the CO2 value exceeds 800ppm, the ventilation system is activated.Time synchronization: The DS1302 real-time clock module is used for time synchronization. When the time is between 18:00 and 23:00, the lights are turned on.Threshold setting: The system’s triggering conditions can be flexibly adjusted by using buttons to set various monitoring thresholds.Display of measured values: The LCD1602 LCD display is used to display the measured values, allowing users to intuitively view the monitoring results.This design integrates multiple sensors and peripherals, utilizing the STC89C52 microcontroller for data processing and control, achieving comprehensive environmental monitoring and intelligent control. By properly setting thresholds and alarm mechanisms, it enhances safety and comfort in daily life. The application of the LCD display makes the monitoring results more visually readable. In future research, further optimization of system stability and expandability can be explored to adapt to a wider range of application scenarios.
Keywords: microcontroller, environmental monitoring, temperature and humidity sensor, ultrasonic sensor, CO2 sensor, LCD display.
目 录
摘要
Abstract
第1章绪论
1.1研究背景及意义
1.2国内外研究现状
1.3论文的主要内容
第2章 系统总体设计方案
2.1系统总体设计
2.2主要模块方案选择
2.2.1主控模块方案选择
2.2.2温湿度监测模块方案选择
2.2.3 CO2监测模块方案选择
第3章硬件设计
3.1主控模块电路设计
3.2 CO2监测模块电路设计
3.3 温湿度监测模块电路设计
3.4 时钟模块电路设计
3.5 超声波模块电路设计
3.6 继电器模块电路设计
3.7 独立按键模块电路设计
3.8 声光报警模块电路设计
3.9 显示模块电路设计
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 温湿度检测模块子流程
4.5 时钟模块子流程
4.6 超声波检测模块子流程
4.7 LCD1602液晶显示子流程
第5章 仿真测试
5.1 整体仿真焊接图
5.2温度监测仿真测试
5.3 湿度监测仿真测试
5.4 距离检测仿真测试
5.5 时钟模块检测仿真测试
5.6 CO2检测仿真测试
第6章实物测试
6.1 整体实物焊接图
6.2温度监测实物测试
6.3 湿度监测实物测试
6.4 距离检测实物测试
6.5 时钟模块检测实物测试
6.6 CO2检测实物测试
第7章 总结展望
参考文献
附录
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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