设计说明书
总字数：10000+
摘 要
近年来，我国经济实力不断提升，居民机动车保有量出现不断上升的趋势，在机动车保有量及机动车驾驶人不断增长的同时，其引发的道路交通事故也随之攀升。减少道路交通事故，降低事故严重性，提高车辆的安全性能是广大驾驶人的要求，进一步推动着汽车制造厂商制造安全性能更好的车辆。自动紧急刹车是一项重要的车辆主动安全技术，研究显示其可以避免27%的交通事故，并且能够减轻发生事故时人员及车辆的损伤程度，因此本文对自动紧急刹车系统的避撞策略进行相关的研究。该设计通过超声波对车辆前方障碍物进行检测，通过霍尔传感器测量速度值，通过距离和车速，实现近距离条件下自动刹车，通过按键可调整车速，通过LCD1602显示测量数据；检测对所开发的避撞策略有效性进行验证，结果显示以上研究可以有效的避免碰撞事故的发生或是减轻碰撞事故的严重性。
关键词：刹车系统；超声波；霍尔传感器；自动刹车；测控
In recent years, with the continuous improvement of our economic strength, the number of resident motor vehicles has shown a rising trend. At the same time, the number of motor vehicles and motor vehicle drivers keeps increasing, the road traffic accidents caused by it also rise. Reducing road traffic accidents, reducing the severity of accidents and improving the safety performance of vehicles are the requirements of the majority of drivers, which further promotes the automobile manufacturers to produce vehicles with better safety performance. Automatic emergency braking is an important vehicle active safety technology. Research shows that it can avoid 27% of traffic accidents and reduce the degree of injury of personnel and vehicles in the event of accidents. Therefore, this paper studies the collision avoidance strategy of automatic emergency braking system. The design detects the obstacles in front of the vehicle through the ultrasonic wave, measures the speed value through the Hall sensor, realizes the automatic braking under the condition of close range through the distance and speed, adjusts the speed through the button, displays the measurement data through the LCD1602; The detection verifies the effectiveness of the collision avoidance strategy developed, and the results show that the above research can effectively avoid the occurrence of collision accidents or reduce the severity of collision accidents.
Key words: brake system; Ultrasonic wave; Hall sensor; Automatic braking; Measurement and control
目 录
1 引言
1.1 选题背景及实际意义
1.2 国内外发展历程
1.2.1 国外研究现状
1.2.2 国内研究现状
1.3 研究内容
2 系统设计方案
2.1 整体设计方案
2.2 主要元器件选择
2.2.1 主控芯片选择
2.2.2 显示模块方案选择
3 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 超声波检测模块电路
3.3 霍尔传感器模块电路
3.4 直流电机驱动监测电路模块
3.5 LCD1602显示电路模块
3.6 按键模块电路
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 直流电机-MX1508驱动模块子流程
4.5 LCD1602液晶显示子流程
4.6 超声波检测模块子流程
5 实物制作与调试过程
5.1 按键控制车速实物测试
5.2 刹车系统检测实物测试
结论
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一: 原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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