设计说明书
总字数：16000+
摘 要
在现代社会中，人们对于室内和室外植物的养护与美化需求不断增加。然而，由于生活忙碌和缺乏养护经验，很多人难以有效管理植物的生长环境，导致植物的生长受到限制，甚至死亡。此外，传统的植物养护方式通常需要大量的时间和精力，不够便捷和高效。随着物联网技术的快速发展，将其应用于植物养护领域成为可能。物联网技术可以实现对植物生长环境的实时监测和智能控制，为植物提供更加稳定和适宜的生长条件。同时，远程控制功能使用户可以随时随地监控和管理他们的植物，大大提高了养护的便捷性。本论文旨在设计与实现一种基于物联网技术的智能盆栽养植系统，以提高植物养护的效率和便捷性。该系统采用STM32F103C8T6单片机作为核心控制器，具备多项功能，包括太阳能充电、环境监测、土壤湿度检测、远程控制等。以下是该系统的主要功能概述：首先，系统通过太阳能板实现对锂电池的充电，并将锂电池作为主板的供电源。同时，系统还能测量电池电压值，以确保充电状态的监控和维护。其次，系统配备了DHT11传感器，用于实时监测环境的温度和湿度，以确保植物的生长环境在适宜的范围内。第三，系统利用土壤湿度模块来监测土壤的湿度情况。当土壤湿度低于预设的最小值时，系统会自动进行加水操作，直到土壤湿度达到最大值。此外，系统还具备手动控制功能，用户可以通过按键设定土壤湿度的最大和最小值，并手动控制加水操作。系统会根据用户的设置，在最小值以下强制加水，在最小值和最大值之间可按键控制，大于最大值时强制停止加水。另外，系统还配备了OLED显示屏，可实时显示各种测量数据，使用户可以轻松监控植物的生长状况。最后，通过WIFI模块，用户可以将数据发送到手机端，实现远程监控和控制。用户可以远程设置土壤湿度的最大和最小值，以及进行远程控制加水操作，同样在最小值以下强制加水，在最小值和最大值之间可按键控制，大于最大值时强制停止加水。综合而言，本文设计并实现了一款功能丰富的智能盆栽养植系统，通过物联网技术和STM32单片机，能够有效监测和维护植物的生长环境，提高了植物养护的便捷性和效率，为植物爱好者提供了一种智能化的养护方式。
关键词：物联网；智能盆栽；太阳能充电；远程控制；植物生长监测
Abstract
In modern society, the demand for the care and beautification of indoor and outdoor plants continues to grow. However, due to busy lifestyles and a lack of experience in plant care, many people struggle to effectively manage the growth environment of plants, leading to restricted growth or even death of plants. Additionally, traditional methods of plant care often require a significant amount of time and effort and are not as convenient or efficient.With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, applying it to the field of plant care has become possible. IoT technology enables real-time monitoring and intelligent control of the plant’s growth environment, providing more stable and suitable conditions for plant growth. Moreover, remote control capabilities allow users to monitor and manage their plants anytime and anywhere, greatly enhancing the convenience of plant care.This paper aims to design and implement an IoT-based smart potted plant cultivation system to enhance the efficiency and convenience of plant care. The system utilizes the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller as its core controller and offers various functionalities, including solar charging, environmental monitoring, soil humidity detection, and remote control. The following is an overview of the system’s main features:Firstly, the system uses a solar panel to charge a lithium battery, which serves as the mainboard’s power source. Additionally, it can measure the battery voltage to ensure monitoring and maintenance of the charging status.Secondly, the system is equipped with a DHT11 sensor to monitor real-time temperature and humidity in the environment, ensuring that the plant’s growth conditions remain within the optimal range.Thirdly, the system utilizes a soil humidity module to monitor soil moisture levels. When the soil humidity falls below the preset minimum value, the system automatically initiates watering until the soil humidity reaches the maximum value.Furthermore, the system includes manual control features, allowing users to set the maximum and minimum soil humidity values and manually control the watering process. The system follows the user’s settings, forcibly watering below the minimum value, allowing manual control between the minimum and maximum values, and forcibly stopping watering above the maximum value.Additionally, the system features an OLED display screen that shows real-time measurement data, enabling users to easily monitor the plant’s growth conditions.Finally, through a WIFI module, users can send data to a mobile application for remote monitoring and control. Users can remotely set the maximum and minimum soil humidity values and control the watering process. Similar to manual control, the system forcibly waters below the minimum value, allows control between the minimum and maximum values, and forcibly stops watering above the maximum value.In summary, this paper designs and implements a feature-rich smart potted plant cultivation system that utilizes IoT technology and the STM32 microcontroller to effectively monitor and maintain the plant’s growth environment. It enhances the convenience and efficiency of plant care, providing plant enthusiasts with an intelligent method of cultivation.
Keywords: IoT; smart potted plant; solar charging; remote control; plant growth monitoring.
目 录
基于物联网的智能盆栽养植系统的设计与实现
摘 要
Abstract
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及其研究意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 研究目标
2 系统方案设计
2.1 整体方案设计
2.2 主要器件选型选择
2.2.1 主控芯片方案选择
2.2.2 温湿度检测模块方案选择
2.2.3 土壤湿度检测模块方案选择
2.2.4 显示模块方案选择
2.2.5 无线传输模块方案选择
3 硬件电路设计
3.1 单片机最小系统
3.2 温湿度检测模块电路
3.3 土壤湿度检测模块电路
3.4 显示模块电路
3.5 继电器模块电路
3.6 WIFI模块电路
3.7 独立按键模块电路
3.8 充放电一体模块电路
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 温湿度检测模块子流程
4.5 OLED显示流程设计
4.6 WiFi模块子流程设计
5 实物调试
5.1 实物总体设计
5.2 电压检测实物测试
5.2 土壤湿度测控实物测试
5.3 WIFI远程测控实物测速
总结与展望
参考文献
致谢
附录
附录A：原理图
附录B：PCB
附录C：主程序
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