设计说明书
总字数：15000+
随着人们对室内空气质量关注的提升，设计一种能够实时监测和控制室内空气质量的系统变得尤为重要。本设计基于STC12C5A60S2单片机，旨在实现多功能室内空气质量监测与控制系统。系统包括对PM2.5、甲苯（MA）和甲醛（PA）浓度的测量，以及基于设定的浓度阈值进行自动控制。该系统通过传感器实时测量PM2.5、甲苯和甲醛的浓度，并通过LCD显示屏展示测量结果。用户可以通过按键设定浓度阈值，以便及时监控空气质量。当检测物质浓度低于阈值一半时，LED灯将显示绿色，表示空气质量良好。当某一检测物质浓度超过阈值一半时，对应的LED灯将变为黄色，同时系统将启动雾化器和低速档风扇，以改善室内环境，并通过GSM短信模块向用户发送警报信息。当某一检测物质浓度达到设定阈值时，对应的LED灯将变为红色，启动雾化器和高速档风扇，同时发送短信警报。在监测物质浓度回归阈值以下时，风扇将切换回低速档，LED灯颜色变为黄色。当浓度回归阈值的一半以下时，雾化器和风扇将停止运行，LED灯颜色将恢复绿色。通过该设计，用户可以实时监测和控制室内空气质量，提升居住环境的舒适度和安全性。
关键词：室内空气质量监测；STC12C5A60S2；PM2.5；甲苯；甲醛；自动控制；GSM短信警报
As people’s concern for indoor air quality increases, designing a system that can monitor and control indoor air quality in real-time becomes crucial. This design is based on the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller and aims to realize a multi-functional indoor air quality monitoring and control system. The system includes the measurement of PM2.5, toluene (MA), and formaldehyde (PA) concentrations, as well as automatic control based on predefined concentration thresholds.The system employs sensors to measure the concentrations of PM2.5, toluene, and formaldehyde in real-time. The measurement results are displayed on an LCD screen, and users can set concentration thresholds using buttons to promptly monitor air quality. When the concentration of a detected substance falls below half of the threshold, the corresponding LED light will display green, indicating good air quality. If the concentration of a substance exceeds half of the threshold, the corresponding LED light will turn yellow, and the system will activate a nebulizer and a low-speed fan to improve the indoor environment. Simultaneously, the system will send alert messages to the user through a GSM SMS module. When the concentration of a substance reaches the set threshold, the corresponding LED light will turn red, and the system will activate a nebulizer and a high-speed fan, sending SMS alerts.If the concentration of the monitored substances returns below the threshold, the fan will switch back to low-speed mode, and the LED light will turn yellow. When the concentration falls below half of the threshold, the nebulizer and fan will stop, and the LED light will turn green. Through this design, users can monitor and control indoor air quality in real-time, enhancing the comfort and safety of the living environment.
Keywords: Indoor air quality monitoring; STC12C5A60S2; PM2.5; toluene; formaldehyde; automatic control; GSM SMS alert.
目录
基于GSM的便携式空气质量监测系统的设计
摘要
Abstract
第一章 绪论
1.1课题设计背景与意义
1.2国内外发展历程
1.3研究目标及预期功能
第二章 设计思路与方案选择
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 显示模块方案选择
2.1.3 甲苯检测模块方案选择
2.1.4 甲醛检测模块方案选择
2.1.5 PM2.5检测模块方案选择
2.2整体设计方案
第三章 硬件设计
3.1主控电路模块
3.2 甲苯检测电路模块
3.3 甲醛检测模块电路模块
3.4 PM2.5检测电路模块
3.5 显示电路模块
3.6 电机驱动模块电路
3.7 GSM短信发送模块电路
3.8 指示灯模块电路
3.9 独立按键模块电路
第四章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 A/D模数转换子流程
4.5 LCD1602液晶显示子流程
第五章 实物测试
5.1整体实物测试
5.2 甲醛检测实物测试
5.3 甲苯检测实物测试
5.4 PM2.5检测实物测试
第六章 总结与展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一 原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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