设计说明书
总字数：17000+
摘要
随着矿业生产安全要求的不断提高，矿井环境的实时监测对保障矿工生命安全、预防事故发生具有重要意义。传统的矿井环境检测依赖人工巡检和离线分析，存在数据滞后、预警不及时等问题，难以满足现代化矿山的安全管理需求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的矿井环境检测系统，整合了 MQ-4 瓦斯传感器、DHT11 温湿度传感器、GP2Y10 粉尘传感器、OLED 显示屏、按键、ESP8266 WiFi 模块及声光报警装置等，实现了矿井环境的多参数自动化监测与智能预警。系统核心功能包括：通过 MQ-4 传感器检测瓦斯浓度，超过设定最大值时触发声光报警；借助 DHT11 传感器监测温湿度，偏离设定范围时启动报警；利用 GP2Y10 传感器检测粉尘浓度，超标时发出警示；支持通过按键切换界面并设置各参数阈值；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示监测数据及报警状态；通过 WiFi 模块将数据传输至手机端，实现远程监测与参数设置。
该系统的实现，有效提升了矿井环境监测的实时性与智能化水平，减少了人工巡检的风险，为矿山安全管理提供了全面、可靠的环境数据支持，同时为同类工业环境监测设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；矿井环境检测；多参数监测；声光报警；WiFi 通信
ABSTRACT
With the increasing requirements for mining production safety, real-time monitoring of the mine environment is of great significance for ensuring the safety of miners and preventing accidents. Traditional mine environment detection relies on manual inspection and offline analysis, which has problems such as data lag and untimely early warning, making it difficult to meet the safety management needs of modern mines.
The mine environment detection system based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates MQ-4 gas sensor, DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, GP2Y10 dust sensor, OLED display, buttons, ESP8266 WiFi module and acousto-optic alarm device, realizing multi-parameter automatic monitoring and intelligent early warning of the mine environment. The core functions of the system include: detecting gas concentration through MQ-4 sensor, triggering acousto-optic alarm when exceeding the set maximum value; monitoring temperature and humidity with DHT11 sensor, starting alarm when deviating from the set range; detecting dust concentration using GP2Y10 sensor, issuing warning when exceeding the standard; supporting interface switching and parameter threshold setting through buttons; displaying real-time monitoring data and alarm status via OLED display; transmitting data to the mobile phone through WiFi module to realize remote monitoring and parameter setting.
The implementation of this system effectively improves the real-time and intelligent level of mine environment monitoring, reduces the risk of manual inspection, provides comprehensive and reliable environmental data support for mine safety management, and also offers a reference for the research and development of similar industrial environment monitoring equipment, with high practical application value.
Keywords:STM32F103C8T6; Mine environment detection; Multi-parameter monitoring; Acousto-optic alarm; WiFi communication
目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 瓦斯传感器选择
2.1.3 温湿度传感器选择
2.1.4 粉尘传感器选择
2.1.5 显示模块选择
2.1.6 无线模块选择
2.1.7 按键模块选择
2.1.8 声光报警装置选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 瓦斯传感器电路
3.3 温湿度传感器电路
3.4 粉尘传感器电路
3.5 显示模块电路
3.6 按键模块电路
3.7 WiFi 模块电路
3.8 继电器驱动电路
3.9 声光报警电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 温湿度检测模块子流程
4.6 WiFi模块子流程设计
4.7 甲烷检测模块子流程设计
4.8 PM2.5检测模块子流程设计
4.9 声光报警模块子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 瓦斯传感器功能测试
5.3 温湿度传感器功能测试
5.4 粉尘传感器功能测试
5.5 按键与显示功能测试
5.6 WiFi 模块功能测试
5.7 声光报警与通风功能测试
第6章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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