设计说明书
总字数：23000+
摘 要
植物工厂需精确环境控制以保植物健康，传统方法依赖人工经验，无法精准调控。基于单片机的环境监测控制系统，集成多种传感器和执行器，能实时监测并自动控制环境参数，为植物生长创造理想条件。系统采用WEND传感器监测温度，超出安全范围时自动启动风扇降温并警报。土壤湿度传感器负责监控土壤湿度，干燥时自动灌溉并通知用户。光敏电阻检测光照强度，不足时开启补光，过强时调节遮阳棚。SGP30传感器监测CO2浓度，超标时自动通风并预警。用户可设置传感器阈值，手动控制继电器和选择工作模式。OLED显示屏实时显示环境参数，让用户随时了解环境状况。通过引入WIFI模块，系统数据可远程传输至手机，用户能远程设定阈值、操控继电器、选择模式，实现远程监控与管理。该系统为植物工厂提供精准环境控制，确保生长环境稳定。自动化监测和控制减少人工干预，提升管理效率和植物质量。远程监控功能让管理人员随时了解并调整环境，增强系统灵活性和实用性，支持植物工厂智能化管理。
Abstract
The plant factory requires precise environmental control to ensure the health of plants. Traditional methods rely on human experience and cannot achieve accurate regulation. The microcontroller-based environmental monitoring and control system integrates various sensors and actuators, enabling real-time monitoring and automatic control of environmental parameters, creating ideal conditions for plant growth. The system uses DS18B20 sensors to monitor temperature; if it exceeds the safety range, fans automatically start to cool down and trigger an alarm. Soil moisture sensors monitor soil humidity; when dry, they automatically irrigate and notify users. Photosensitive resistors detect light intensity; when insufficient, they turn on supplementary lighting, and when too strong, they adjust the shading canopy. SGP30 sensors monitor CO2 concentration; when levels exceed limits, they automatically ventilate and issue warnings. Users can set sensor thresholds, manually control relays, and select operating modes. An OLED display shows environmental parameters in real time, allowing users to stay informed about the environment at any time. By introducing a WIFI module, system data can be remotely transmitted to mobile phones, enabling users to set thresholds, control relays, and choose modes from a distance, achieving remote monitoring and management. This system provides precise environmental control for plant factories, ensuring stable growing conditions. Automated monitoring and control reduce manual intervention, improving management efficiency and plant quality. The remote monitoring function allows managers to understand and adjust the environment at any time, enhancing system flexibility and practicality, supporting intelligent management of plant factories.
Key words: SCM; Plant factory; Sensor; Control
目 录
第1章 引言
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 研究内容
1.4 研究目标
第2章 总体设计思路
2.1 设计构造思路
2.2 系统框架
2.3 各模块组件选择
2.3.1 STM32单片机
2.3.2 报警模块
2.3.3 温度传感器
2.3.4 土壤湿度检测模块
2.3.5 光照检测模块
2.3.6 CO2检测模块
2.3.7 按键模块
2.3.8 显示模块
2.3.9 继电器模块
2.3.10 无线通信模块
2.3.11 电机模块
第3章 硬件电路设计
3.1 系统部件功能概述
3.2 STM32单片机
3.3 报警电路模块
3.4 温度检测模块
3.5 土壤湿度检测模块
3.6 光照检测模块电路
3.7 CO2检测模块电路
3.8 按键电路模块
3.9 显示电路模块
3.10 继电器驱动电路
3.11 无线通信模块
3.12 硬件电路设计总图
3.13 硬件电路PCB设计总图
第4章 系统软件设计
4.1 主程序设计
4.2 模块化程序设计
4.2.1 显示程序设计
4.2.2 按键程序设计
4.2.3 温度检测程序设计
4.2.4 步进电机程序设计
第5章 系统测试与分析
5.1 仿真测试
5.2 实物测试
5.3 实物分析
第6章 结论
参考文献
附 录
致 谢
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