设计说明书
总字数：19000+
摘 要
随着现代化养殖业的发展，孵化器的环境监测与控制成为提高孵化效率和胚胎发育质量的关键环节。传统孵化器在温湿度、光照、空气质量等方面的监测与控制存在精度不足、响应滞后等问题，难以满足高效孵化的需求。基于单片机的孵化器环境监测控制系统设计，针对这一问题提出了一种智能化解决方案，通过集成多种传感器与控制模块，实现对孵化环境的全面监测与自动化调控。该系统具备利用DHT11传感器实时监测温湿度，当温度超出设定范围时，自动控制风扇或加热片调节温度；当湿度异常时，通过通风或雾化片调节湿度；通过光敏电阻检测光照强度，当光照不足时自动开启补光灯；利用声音检测模块和霍尔传感器，分别实现异常声音报警和门开关状态监测；通过MQ-135模块检测空气质量，当空气质量超标且门关闭时自动开启消毒灯；通过单片机定时器实现定时翻蛋功能；通过按键模块实现阈值设置、手动控制和模式切换；利用OLED显示屏实时显示监测数据，便于用户直观了解环境状态。系统还具备异常报警功能，当温湿度、光照强度超出设定范围时，通过声光报警提醒用户。该系统的应用显著提高了孵化器的智能化水平，确保孵化环境的稳定性和精确性，从而提高胚胎发育的成功率和孵化效率。同时，系统设计灵活、操作简便，为现代化养殖业提供了高效、可靠的环境监测与控制手段，具有重要的经济和社会效益。
Abstract
With the development of modern breeding industry, the environmental monitoring and control of incubators has become the key link to improve the incubation efficiency and embryo development quality. The monitoring and control of temperature and humidity, light, air quality and other aspects of traditional incubators have problems such as insufficient accuracy and lagging response, which are difficult to meet the needs of efficient incubation. In the incubator environment monitoring and control system design based on SCM, an intelligent solution is proposed to solve this problem. By integrating various sensors and control modules, the comprehensive monitoring and automatic control of the incubation environment are realized. The system monitors temperature and humidity with DHT 11 sensor, When the temperature exceeds the set range, Automatic control of the fan or heating plate to adjust the temperature; When the humidity is abnormal, Adjust the humidity by using ventilation or atomizing film; Light intensity was detected by photoresistor, When the light is insufficient, automatically open the fill light; Using the sound detection module and the Hall sensor, Abnormal sound alarm and door switch status monitoring respectively; Detection of the air quality by the MQ-135 module, When the air quality exceeds the standard and the door is closed, automatically open the disinfection lamp; Through the single-chip microcomputer timer to achieve the timing of egg turning function; Realize the threshold setting, manual control and mode switching through the key press module; Display the monitoring data in real time by using the OLED display screen, Easy for users to intuitively understand the state of the environment. The system also has an abnormal alarm function. When the temperature, humidity and light intensity exceed the set range, the user will be reminded through the sound and light alarm. The application of this system significantly improves the intelligence level of the incubator and ensures the stability and accuracy of the incubation environment, thus improving the success rate of embryo development and incubation efficiency. At the same time, the system design is flexible, easy to operate, which provides efficient and reliable environmental monitoring and control means for the modern breeding industry, and has important economic and social benefits.
Key words: Incubator; Single-Chip Microcontroller; Sensor; Monitoring
目 录
第1章 引言
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 研究内容
1.4 研究目标
第2章 总体设计思路
2.1 设计构造思路
2.2 系统框架
2.3 各模块组件选择
2.3.1 主芯片模块
2.3.2 温湿度检测模块
2.3.3 光照检测模块
2.3.4 声音模拟量检测模块
2.3.5 霍尔检测模块
2.3.6 甲苯检测模块
2.3.7 步进电机驱动模块
2.3.8 显示模块
第3章 硬件电路设计
3.1 系统部件功能概述
3.2 STM32F103C8T6主芯片模块
3.3 DHT11温湿度检测模块
3.4 5516光照检测模块
3.5 SY声音模拟量检测模块
3.6 KY-003霍尔检测模块
3.7 MQ-135甲苯检测模块
3.8 ULN2003A步进电机驱动模块
3.9 OLED显示模块
3.10 硬件电路PCB设计总图
第4章 系统软件设计
4.1 主程序设计
4.2 独立按键
4.3 OLED显示流程设计
4.4 ADC模数转换子流程设计
4.5 温湿度检测模块子流程设计
4.6 步进电机驱动模块子流程
第5章 系统测试与分析
5.1 实物测试
5.2 结果分析
第6章 结论
参考文献
附录：原理图
致 谢
购买后可查看具体内容！