设计说明书
总字数：21000+
摘 要
船舶在海洋环境中运行，面临着诸多安全风险，如火灾、船舱进水、恶劣天气等。传统的船舶安全监测系统多依赖人工巡查和简单的报警装置，存在响应不及时、监测不全面等问题。本系统采用温度传感器技术，持续监测船舶内部温度，并在异常时自动调节通风或加热。MQ-2烟雾检测模块实时监控关键区域，超阈值即启动灭火装置并报警。水位监测模块精确监控船舱和船体水位，超限则启动抽水装置并报警。风速监测模块实时监测风速，超安全标准时发出警报。用户可设置传感器阈值，手动控制继电器，切换工作模式。OLED显示屏实时显示温度、烟雾浓度、水位和风速等数据，为船员提供直观支持。本系统集成多种传感器，实现对船舶环境的实时监测，并自动执行控制措施，提高安全性和可靠性，确保航行安全。旨在提升船舶安全管理水平，通过监测和控制及时处理安全隐患，降低运营成本，为安全航行提供技术保障。
Abstract
Vessels operating in marine environments face numerous safety risks, such as fires, flooding of cargo holds, and severe weather conditions. Traditional ship safety monitoring systems often rely on manual inspections and simple alarm devices, which can result in untimely responses and incomplete monitoring. This system employs temperature sensor technology to continuously monitor the internal temperature of the vessel and automatically adjust ventilation or heating when abnormalities occur. The MQ-2 smoke detection module monitors key areas in real-time; if the threshold is exceeded, it activates the fire extinguishing system and triggers an alarm. The water level monitoring module precisely monitors the water levels in the cargo hold and hull; if the limits are exceeded, it activates the pumping system and alarms. The wind speed monitoring module continuously monitors wind speed; if it exceeds safety standards, it issues an alert. Users can set sensor thresholds, manually control relays, and switch operating modes. The OLED display shows real-time data on temperature, smoke concentration, water level, and wind speed, providing intuitive support for crew members. This system integrates multiple sensors to achieve real-time monitoring of the vessel environment and automatically executes control measures, enhancing safety and reliability to ensure safe navigation. It aims to improve ship safety management levels by promptly addressing potential hazards through monitoring and control, reducing operational costs, and providing technical assurance for safe voyages.
Key words: Single-chip microcomputer; Ship; Sensor; Control
目 录
第1章 引言
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 研究内容
1.4 研究目标
第2章 总体设计思路
2.1 设计构造思路
2.2 系统框架
2.3 各模块组件选择
2.3.1 STM32单片机
2.3.2 报警模块
2.3.3 水位传感器
2.3.4 风速检测模块
2.3.5 温度检测模块
2.3.6 烟雾检测模块
2.3.7 按键模块
2.3.8 显示模块
2.3.9 继电器模块
第3章 硬件电路设计
3.1 系统部件功能概述
3.2 STM32单片机
3.3 报警电路模块
3.4 水位检测模块
3.5 风速检测模块
3.6 温度检测模块电路
3.7 烟雾检测模块电路
3.8 按键电路模块
3.9 显示电路模块
3.10 继电器驱动电路
3.11 硬件电路设计总图
3.12 硬件电路PCB设计总图
第4章 系统软件设计
4.1 主程序设计
4.2 模块化程序设计
4.2.1 显示程序设计
4.2.2 按键程序设计
4.2.3 温度检测程序设计
4.2.4 水位监测流程设计
4.2.5 烟雾监测流程设计
4.2.6 继电器流程设计
4.2.7 风速流程设计
第5章 系统测试与分析
5.1 仿真测试
5.2 实物展示
5.3 实物测试
第6章 结论
参考文献
附 录
致 谢
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