基于单片机的电动车防盗控制系统设计
摘要：在当前，传统的电动车防盗系统因误报率高、缺乏有效追踪被盗车辆的能力等问题而受到限制，这些问题严重制约了电动车防盗技术的进步。为了解决这些关键问题，本研究提出了一款智能电动车防盗系统的设计，该系统通过集成传感器、单片机和执行器等关键元件，实现了对电动车的实时监控和高效的防盗报警机制。系统利用震动检测、电压监测、胎压检测以及MPU6050模块等多维度传感器，全面感知车辆状态，包括车辆是否遭遇非法移动、电瓶是否被盗、胎压是否异常以及车辆是否倾倒等。一旦系统监测到任何异常，将立刻通过4G网络发送报警短信至用户手机，并在手机APP上显示相关参数，同时激活声光报警，确保用户能够即时了解到车辆的安全状况。此外，系统提供了用户友好的手机远程操作功能。用户可以利用手机APP远程监控车辆的锁定状态和报警信息，实时掌握车辆的安全状况。系统内置的GPS模块能够锁定车辆的精确位置，用户通过APP获取电动车的经纬度信息，便于追踪被盗车辆。系统还具备低电量提醒功能，能够在电量不足时，通过语音播报和手机APP及时提醒用户。经过全面测试，该电动车防盗系统展现了其采用的单片机、传感器和无线通信技术的高精度和高可靠性。系统的功能，包括声光报警、4G联网能力以及手机APP的开锁关锁操作，均体现了人性化和智能化的设计特点。这款防盗系统的成功研发，不仅为电动车防盗技术的发展提供了创新思路和方法，而且具有显著的应用价值和社会意义。
关键词：电动车；单片机；APP；4G；防盗系统。
Design of Anti theft Control System for Electric Vehicles Based on Single Chip Microcomputer
Abstract: At present, the traditional electric vehicle anti-theft system is limited by problems such as high false alarm rate and lack of effective ability to track stolen vehicles, and these problems seriously restrict the progress of electric vehicle anti-theft technology. In order to solve these key problems, this study proposes the design of an intelligent electric vehicle anti-theft system. This system realizes the real-time monitoring and efficient anti-theft alarm mechanism of electric vehicles by integrating key components such as sensors, single-chip microcomputers and actuators. The system uses multi-dimensional sensors such as vibration detection, voltage monitoring, tire pressure detection and MPU6050 module to comprehensively perceive the vehicle status, including whether the vehicle is illegally moved, whether the battery is stolen, whether the tire pressure is abnormal and whether the vehicle is overturned. Once the system detects any abnormality, it will immediately send an alarm text message to the user’s mobile phone through the 4G network and display the relevant parameters on the mobile APP. At the same time, it will activate the sound and light alarm to ensure that the user can immediately understand the safety status of the vehicle. In addition, the system provides user-friendly mobile phone remote operation function. Users can use the mobile APP to remotely monitor the locking status and alarm information of the vehicle and master the safety status of the vehicle in real time. The GPS module built into the system can lock the precise position of the vehicle, and the user can obtain the latitude and longitude information of the electric vehicle through the APP, which is convenient for tracking the stolen vehicle. The system also has a low power reminder function, which can remind the user in time through voice broadcast and mobile APP when the power is low. After comprehensive testing, the electric vehicle anti-theft system shows the high precision and high reliability of the single-chip microcomputer, sensor and wireless communication technology it adopts. The functions of the system, including sound and light alarm, 4G networking ability and the unlocking and locking operation of the mobile APP, all reflect the design characteristics of humanization and intelligence. The successful development of this anti-theft system not only provides innovative ideas and methods for the development of electric vehicle anti-theft technology, but also has significant application value and social significance.
Keywords: Electric Vehicle, Microcontroller, Mobile App, 4G, Anti-theft System.
目 录
第1章 绪论
1.1 课题研究概况
1.1.1 课题背景
1.1.2研究的目的
1.2国内外研究现状
1.3论文研究内容研究方法
1.3.1研究内容
1.3.2研究方法
第2章 系统总体方案设计
2.1整体设计分析
2.2主要器件方案选择
2.2.1主控模块方案选择
2.2.2 振动检测模块方案选择
2.2.3 电压检测模块方案选择
2.2.4胎压监测模块方案选择
2.2.5摔倒监测模块方案选择
2.2.6 GPS定位模块方案选择
2.2.7显示模块方案选择
2.2.8语言播报模块方案选择
2.2.9声光报警模块方案选择
2.2.10 继电器模块方案选择
2.2.11 4G模块方案选择
2.3总体方案确定
2.4本章小节
第3章 硬件电路设计
3.1电源模块电路设计
3.1.1电源电路设计
3.1.2降压电路设计
3.2单片机控制模块电路设计
3.2.1主控I/O设计
3.2.2时钟电路设计
3.2.3复位电路设计
3.2.4 BOOT电路设计
3.3振动电路设计
3.4电压检测模块电路设计
3.5胎压检测模块电路设计
3.6防摔模块电路设计
3.7 GPS模块电路设计
3.8声光报警电路设计
3.9 继电器电路设计
3.10 4G模块电路设计
3.11语音播报模块电路设计
3.12显示模块电路设计
第4章 系统软件设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3振动检测模块子流程设计
4.4电压监测模块子流程
4.5胎压监测模块子流程
4.6 防摔模块子流程设计
4.7 GPS模块子流程设计
4.8 电量监测模块子流程
4.9声光报警模块子流程
4.10继电器模块子流程
4.11 4G模块联网子流程设计
4.12 语音播报模块子流程设计
4.13 OLED显示流程设计
4.14 上位机程序设计
第5章 实物测试
5.1振动监测测试
5.2电压监测测试
5.3胎压监测测试
5.4摔倒监测测试
5.5GPS定位测试
5.6低电量提醒测试
5.7 OLED显示屏测试
5.8继电器锁车测试
结论
致 谢
参考文献
附录1原理图
附录2源程序
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