设计说明书
总字数：23000+
摘要
传统农药存储管理依赖人工巡检，存在环境参数监测滞后、安全隐患响应不及时、存储时效管控粗放等问题，难以满足农药存储的安全性与规范性要求。
基于 STM32F103C9T6 单片机的农药存储环境监测系统，整合了 DHT11 温湿度传感器、YS-17 火焰监测模块、MQ-135 有害气体传感器、MQ-2 烟雾传感器、AS608 指纹模块、DS1302 时钟模块、按键、OLED 显示屏、ESP8266 WiFi 模块及通风继电器、灭火继电器、电子锁等执行设备，实现了农药存储环境的自动化监测与智能管控。系统核心功能包括：通过 DHT11 监测环境湿度，超阈值时启动通风；YS-17 检测到火焰或 MQ-2 检测到烟雾超阈值时，触发灭火装置；MQ-135 监测有害气体浓度，超阈值时启动通风；AS608 指纹识别通过后解锁电子锁；借助 DS1302 设置农药保存时效，到期时通过 WiFi 模块向手机端推送提醒；支持按键设置各参数阈值、手动控制设备及管理指纹；OLED 实时显示监测数据与设备状态；WiFi 模块实现手机端远程监测、参数调节、设备控制及时效提醒。
该系统的实现，提升了农药存储环境管理的自动化与智能化水平，强化了安全防护能力，确保存储参数稳定可控，为农药存储的安全性与规范性提供了可靠保障，同时为同类危险品存储监测设备的研发提供参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C9T6；农药存储；环境监测系统；传感器；智能管控；WiFi 通信
ABSTRACT
With the rapid development of modern agriculture, precise control of pesticide storage environments is crucial for ensuring the effectiveness of pesticides and preventing safety hazards. Traditional manual management methods rely on empirical judgment, suffer from delayed responses, and have issues such as high labor intensity and inconsistent parameter control, making them unable to meet the needs of standardized and intelligent storage.
The pesticide storage environment monitoring system based on the STM32F103C9T6 microcontroller integrates DHT11 humidity sensor, YS-17 flame monitoring module, MQ-135 harmful gas sensor, MQ-2 smoke sensor, DS1302 clock module, buttons, OLED display, ESP8266 WiFi module, and executive devices (ventilation relays, fire-extinguishing relays, locks, etc.), realizing automatic monitoring and intelligent management of the pesticide storage environment. The core functions of the system include: monitoring the humidity of the storage environment through DHT11, and controlling the ventilation relay to work when the humidity exceeds the set maximum value; using YS-17 to monitor the pesticide storage cabinet, and controlling the fire-extinguishing relay to operate when a flame is detected; detecting the concentration of harmful gases in the storage environment via MQ-135, and ventilating when the harmful gases exceed the set maximum value; monitoring smoke in the storage environment through MQ-2, and controlling the fire-extinguishing relay to work when the smoke exceeds the set maximum value; identifying users through the AS608 fingerprint module, and unlocking when the fingerprint comparison is correct; obtaining the current time through the DS1302 clock module, which can set the pesticide storage time, and sending a reminder to the mobile phone when the storage time is reached; supporting the setting of maximum values for humidity, harmful gases, and smoke through buttons, controlling the on/off of ventilation and fire-extinguishing relays, and adding or deleting fingerprints; displaying measurement values in real-time through the OLED display; sending measurement data to the mobile phone via the ESP8266 WiFi module, and the mobile phone can adjust various thresholds, control the on/off of ventilation and fire-extinguishing relays, set the pesticide storage time, and unlock the lock.
The implementation of this system effectively improves the automation and intelligence level of pesticide storage environment management, reduces manual intervention, ensures the safety and stability of the storage environment, provides an efficient and reliable solution for standardized pesticide storage, and also offers a reference for the research and development of similar agricultural storage environment monitoring equipment, with high practical application value.
Keywords:STM32F103C9T6; pesticide storage; monitoring system; sensor; intelligent management; WiFi communication
目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 湿度传感器选择
2.1.3 火焰检测模块选择
2.1.4 烟雾检测模块选择
2.1.5 有害气体检测模块选择
2.1.6 指纹识别模块选择
2.1.7 时钟模块选择
2.1.8 显示模块选择
2.1.9 无线通信模块选择
2.1.10 按键模块选择
2.1.11 执行设备驱动模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 湿度传感器电路
3.3 火焰检测模块电路
3.4 烟雾检测模块电路
3.5 有害气体检测模块电路
3.6 指纹识别模块电路
3.7 时钟模块电路
3.8 显示模块电路
3.9 无线通信模块电路
3.10 按键模块电路
3.11 执行设备驱动电路
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 温湿度检测模块子流程
4.5 OLED显示流程设计
4.6 时钟模块子流程
4.7 WiFi模块子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 温湿度传感器功能测试
5.3 烟雾与火焰检测模块功能测试
5.4 有害气体检测模块功能测试
5.5 指纹识别模块功能测试
5.6 时钟与过期提醒功能测试
5.7 WiFi 模块功能测试
5.8 执行设备功能测试
5.9 按键设置与显示功能测试
第6章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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