设计说明书
总字数：16000+
摘要
随着人们生活水平的提高，观赏鱼养殖已成为常见的休闲方式，而科学投喂是保障鱼类健康生长的关键。传统的人工投喂方式依赖经验判断，存在投喂时间不规律、投喂量把控不准等问题，易导致鱼类消化不良或水质恶化，难以满足精细化养殖需求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能鱼食添加器系统，整合了 DS1302 时钟模块、HX711 称重模块、ULN2003 驱动的步进电机、按键、OLED 显示屏及 ECB02 蓝牙模块，实现了鱼食的自动化投喂与智能管理。系统核心功能包括：通过 DS1302 获取实时时间，支持按键设置多个定时投喂时间，到点后控制步进电机运转进行投喂；借助 HX711 实时监测投喂重量，当达到预设最大值时停止投喂；OLED 显示屏同步展示当前时间、实时投喂重量及设置的最大重量；通过蓝牙模块将数据传输至手机端，支持远程查看数据、控制手动投喂及设置投喂时间和最大重量。
该系统的实现，有效提升了鱼食投喂的自动化与精准化水平，减少了人工干预，通过定时定量投喂保障了鱼类健康，同时为养殖者提供了便捷的远程管理方式，为观赏鱼养殖设备的智能化发展提供了参考，具有较高的实用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；智能鱼食添加器；定时投喂；精准称重；蓝牙通信
ABSTRACT
With the improvement of people’s living standards, ornamental fish breeding has become a common leisure activity, and scientific feeding is crucial to ensuring the healthy growth of fish. Traditional manual feeding methods rely on empirical judgment, which have problems such as irregular feeding times and inaccurate control of feeding amounts. These issues easily lead to indigestion in fish or water quality deterioration, making it difficult to meet the needs of refined breeding.
The intelligent fish food feeder system based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates the DS1302 clock module, HX711 weighing module, stepper motor driven by ULN2003, buttons, OLED display, and ECB02 Bluetooth module, realizing automatic feeding and intelligent management of fish food. The core functions of the system include: obtaining real-time time through DS1302, supporting button setting of multiple timed feeding times, and controlling the operation of the stepper motor for feeding when the time is reached; using HX711 to monitor the feeding weight in real-time, and stopping feeding when the preset maximum value is reached; the OLED display synchronously shows the current time, real-time feeding weight, and the set maximum weight; transmitting data to the mobile phone through the Bluetooth module, supporting remote data viewing, manual feeding control, and setting of feeding time and maximum weight.
The implementation of this system has effectively improved the automation and precision level of fish food feeding, reduced manual intervention, ensured the health of fish through timed and quantitative feeding, and provided breeders with a convenient remote management method. It provides a reference for the intelligent development of ornamental fish breeding equipment and has high practical value.
Keywords:STM32F103C8T6; intelligent fish food feeder; timed feeding; precise weighing; Bluetooth communication
目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 时钟模块选择
2.1.3 称重模块选择
2.1.4 步进电机及驱动选择
2.1.5 蓝牙模块选择
2.1.6 显示模块选择
2.1.7 按键模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 DS1302 时钟模块电路
3.3 HX711 称重模块电路
3.4 步进电机及驱动电路
3.5 OLED 显示模块电路
3.6 蓝牙模块电路
3.7 按键模块电路
3.8 电源电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 时钟模块子流程
4.6 步进电机子流程
4.7 称重模块HX711模块子流程
4.8 定时器模块子流程
4.9 蓝牙模块子流程
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 DS1302 时钟与定时投喂功能测试
5.3 HX711 称重与定量控制功能测试
5.4 步进电机投喂功能测试
5.5 蓝牙模块远程控制功能测试
5.6 按键设置功能测试
5.7 综合功能测试
第6章 总结与展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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