设计说明书
总字数：15000+
摘要
随着冬季降雪天气的频繁出现，家庭区域的积雪清理对保障出行安全、提升生活便利性具有重要意义。传统的人工扫雪方式不仅劳动强度大、效率低下，还受天气寒冷等因素影响，难以满足及时、高效的扫雪需求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的家用智能扫雪车，整合了超声波模块、电流电机驱动模块、直流电机、蓝牙模块、OLED 显示屏及蜂鸣器等，实现了积雪的自动化清理与智能控制。系统核心功能包括：通过超声波模块实时监测前方障碍物距离，当距离小于 40cm 时，蜂鸣器发出报警提醒；借助电流电机驱动模块控制小风扇工作，完成扫雪作业；通过直流电机驱动车轮转动，实现小车的移动；支持蓝牙连接手机，可远程控制小车左转、右转、前进、后退以及扫雪的启停；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示障碍物距离、设备运行状态等数据。
该系统的实现，有效提升了家用扫雪的自动化与智能化水平，降低了人工劳动强度，确保了扫雪过程的安全性和高效性，为家庭冬季积雪清理提供了便捷、可靠的解决方案，同时为同类家用智能清洁设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；家用智能扫雪车；超声波监测；蓝牙控制；自动化清理
ABSTRACT
With the frequent occurrence of snowfall in winter, snow removal in household areas is of great significance for ensuring travel safety and improving living convenience. The traditional manual snow sweeping method not only has high labor intensity and low efficiency, but also is affected by factors such as cold weather, making it difficult to meet the needs of timely and efficient snow sweeping.
The household intelligent snow sweeper based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates ultrasonic modules, current motor drive modules, DC motors, Bluetooth modules, OLED displays, buzzers, etc., realizing automatic snow cleaning and intelligent control. The core functions of the system include: real-time monitoring of the distance to obstacles ahead through the ultrasonic module, and when the distance is less than 40cm, the buzzer gives an alarm; using the current motor drive module to control the small fan to work to complete the snow sweeping operation; driving the wheels to rotate through the DC motor to realize the movement of the car; supporting Bluetooth connection to the mobile phone, which can remotely control the car’s left turn, right turn, forward, backward and the start and stop of snow sweeping; real-time display of obstacle distance, equipment operation status and other data through the OLED display.
The implementation of this system effectively improves the automation and intelligence level of household snow sweeping, reduces the labor intensity, ensures the safety and efficiency of the snow sweeping process, provides a convenient and reliable solution for household winter snow removal, and also provides a reference for the research and development of similar household intelligent cleaning equipment, with high practical application value.
Keywords:STM32F103C8T6; Household intelligent snow sweeper; Ultrasonic monitoring; Bluetooth control; Automatic cleaning
目录
第 1 章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 超声波模块选择
2.1.3 电机驱动模块选择（扫雪风扇）
2.1.4 电机驱动模块选择（车轮）
2.1.5 蓝牙模块选择
2.1.6 显示模块选择
2.1.7 蜂鸣器选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 超声波传感器电路
3.3 OLED 显示模块电路
3.4 蜂鸣器报警电路
3.5 蓝牙模块电路
3.6 扫雪风扇电机驱动电路
3.7 车轮电机驱动电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 OLED显示子流程设计
4.4 超声波检测模块子流程设计
4.5 直流电机速度调节子流程设计
4.6 蓝牙模块子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 超声波模块功能测试
5.3 OLED 显示功能测试
5.4 蓝牙模块功能测试
5.5 电机驱动与执行设备功能测试
5.5.1 车轮电机与驱动模块测试
5.5.2 扫雪风扇电机与驱动模块测试
5.6 蜂鸣器报警功能测试
第 6 章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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