设计说明书
总字数：20000+
摘要
随着人们生活品质的提升，观赏鱼养殖逐渐成为家庭休闲的重要方式，而鱼缸环境的稳定调控对鱼类健康生长至关重要。传统的鱼缸管理依赖人工观察与操作，存在水温控制不精准、水质维护不及时、投喂时间不规律等问题，难以满足精细化养殖需求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能鱼缸系统，整合了防水式 DS18B20 温度传感器、TSW-30 浑浊度模块、PH4502C 酸碱度模块、DS1302 时钟模块、按键、OLED 显示屏、ESP8266 WiFi 模块及执行设备（加热棒、通风装置、抽水 / 加水装置、加酸 / 加碱装置、投喂装置），实现了鱼缸环境的自动化监测与智能调控。系统核心功能包括：通过 DS18B20 实时监测水温，低于最小值时启动加热棒，高于最大值时开启通风降温；通过 TSW-30 检测水质浑浊度，超标时先抽水 10 秒再自动加水换水；借助 DS1302 实现定时投喂，精准控制喂食时间；通过 PH4502C 监测酸碱度，PH 值偏高时加酸、偏低时加碱；支持通过按键设置各项参数阈值，手动控制加热、通风、换水、调酸调碱及投喂；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示水温、浑浊度、PH 值及设备状态；利用 WiFi 模块将数据同步至手机端，实现远程监测与设备控制（加热、通风、换水、调酸调碱、投喂及参数设置）。
该系统的实现，有效提升了鱼缸管理的自动化与智能化水平，减少了人工干预，确保了水温、水质、酸碱度的稳定，为观赏鱼提供了适宜的生长环境，同时为同类水族箱智能控制设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；智能鱼缸；环境调控；传感器；WiFi 通信；自动投喂
ABSTRACT
With the improvement of people’s living standards, ornamental fish farming has gradually become an important way of family leisure, and the stable regulation of the fish tank environment is crucial for the healthy growth of fish. Traditional fish tank management relies on manual observation and operation, which leads to problems such as inaccurate water temperature control, untimely water quality maintenance, and irregular feeding times, making it difficult to meet the demands of refined aquaculture.
Intelligent fish tank system based on STM32F103C8T6 single-chip microcomputer It integrates a waterproof DS18B20 temperature sensor, a TSW-30 turbidity module, a PH4502C pH module, a DS1302 clock module, buttons, an OLED display, an ESP8266 WiFi module and execution devices (heating rod, ventilation device, water pumping/adding device, acid adding /) The alkali-adding device and the feeding device have achieved the automatic monitoring and intelligent regulation of the fish tank environment. The core functions of the system include: real-time monitoring of water temperature through DS18B20. When the water temperature drops below the minimum value, the heating rod is activated; when it exceeds the maximum value, ventilation and cooling are initiated. The turbidity of water is detected by TSW-30. When it exceeds the standard, water is pumped for 10 seconds first, and then water is automatically added and replaced. The DS1302 is used to achieve timed feeding and precisely control the feeding time. The PH value is monitored through PH4502C. Add acid when the pH value is too high and alkali when it is too low. Support setting various parameter thresholds through buttons, and manually control heating, ventilation, water change, acid and alkali adjustment, and feeding. The water temperature, turbidity, PH value and equipment status are displayed in real time on the OLED screen. The data is synchronized to the mobile phone via the WiFi module to achieve remote monitoring and equipment control (heating, ventilation, water change, acid and alkali adjustment, feeding and parameter setting).
The implementation of this system has effectively enhanced the automation and intelligence level of fish tank management, reduced manual intervention, ensured the stability of water temperature, water quality and pH, provided a suitable growth environment for ornamental fish, and at the same time offered a reference for the research and development of intelligent control equipment for similar aquariums, thus having high practical application value.
Keywords:STM32F103C8T6 Smart fish tank Environmental regulation Sensor; WiFi communication Automatic feeding
目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 温度传感器选择
2.1.3 浑浊度模块选择
2.1.4 时钟模块选择
2.1.5 PH 模块选择
2.1.6 按键模块选择
2.1.7 显示模块选择
2.1.8 WiFi 模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 温度传感器电路
3.3 浑浊度模块电路
3.4 PH 模块电路
3.5 时钟模块电路
3.6 显示模块电路
3.7 按键模块电路
3.8 WiFi 模块电路
3.9 执行设备驱动电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4温度检测模块子流程设计
4.5 OLED显示流程设计
4.6 时钟模块子流程设计
4.7 WiFi模块子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 温度传感器功能测试
5.3 浑浊度模块功能测试
5.4 PH 模块功能测试
5.5 时钟与投喂功能测试
5.6 WiFi 模块功能测试
5.7 执行设备功能测试
5.8 按键设置与显示功能测试
第6章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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