设计说明书
总字数：21000+
摘要
随着果园种植规模的扩大和经济价值的提升，果园的安全防护与环境监测对保障果农收益、提高管理效率具有重要意义。传统的果园管理依赖人工巡逻防盗，存在防范不及时、人力成本高、环境异常难察觉等问题，难以满足现代化果园的精细化管理需求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的物联网果园防盗系统，整合了人体热释电检测模块 D203S、康帕斯 A9 摄像头、DHT11 温湿度传感器、5516 光照检测模块、DS1302 时钟模块、OLED 显示屏、按键、4G 模块 AIR780、声光报警装置、语音播报模块及霍尔传感器 KY-003，实现了果园的防盗预警、环境监测与远程管理。系统核心功能包括：通过 D203S 检测人体活动，布防状态下检测到人时触发声光报警、语音播报入侵信息（含具体时间）、向手机 APP 及短信发送警示；借助 A9 摄像头实现果园实时视频传输、存储与回放；通过 DHT11 和 5516 模块监测温湿度及光照强度，异常时触发报警并推送信息至手机；利用 KY-003 霍尔传感器检测果园门状态，布防时门被打开即报警并短信通知；依托 DS1302 获取时间，为各类事件提供时间戳；支持通过按键设置环境参数阈值、进行布防撤防操作；OLED 显示屏实时展示环境数据、布防状态及入侵情况；通过 4G 模块实现手机端远程设置阈值、控制布防撤防、实时监控及查看环境数据统计报表。
该系统的实现，有效提升了果园的安全防护水平与环境监测能力，减少了人工巡逻成本，确保了果园安全与环境稳定，为规模化果园管理提供了高效、智能的解决方案，同时为同类农业安防设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；果园防盗；物联网；环境监测；远程监控；4G 通信
ABSTRACT
With the expansion of orchard planting scales and the increase in economic value, security protection and environmental monitoring of orchards are of great significance for ensuring fruit growers’ income and improving management efficiency. Traditional orchard management relies on manual patrols for anti-theft, which has problems such as untimely prevention, high labor costs, and difficulty in detecting environmental abnormalities, making it difficult to meet the refined management needs of modern orchards.
The IoT-based orchard anti-theft systembased on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates the human pyroelectric detection module D203S, Compas A9 camera, DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, 5516 light detection module, DS1302 clock module, OLED display, buttons, 4G module AIR780, sound and light alarm device, voice broadcast module, and Hall sensor KY-003, realizing anti-theft early warning, environmental monitoring, and remote management of the orchard. The core functions of the system include: detecting human activities through D203S, triggering sound and light alarms, voice broadcasting intrusion information (including specific time), and sending warnings to mobile APPs and text messages when a person is detected in the armed state; realizing real-time video transmission, storage, and playback of the orchard with the help of A9 camera; monitoring temperature, humidity, and light intensity through DHT11 and 5516 modules, triggering alarms and pushing information to mobile phones when abnormalities occur; using KY-003 Hall sensor to detect the state of the orchard gate, alarming and sending text messages to the mobile phone when the gate is opened in the armed state; obtaining the current time by means of DS1302 to provide timestamps for various events; supporting the setting of environmental parameter thresholds and arming/disarming operations through buttons; the OLED display real-time showing environmental data, arming status, and intrusion situations; transmitting detected data to the mobile phone through the 4G module, enabling the mobile phone to set thresholds, control arming and disarming, perform real-time monitoring, and view statistical reports of environmental data.
The implementation of this system has effectively improved the security protection level and environmental monitoring capability of the orchard, reduced the cost of manual patrols, ensured the safety and environmental stability of the orchard, provided an efficient and intelligent solution for large-scale orchard management, and also provided a reference for the research and development of similar agricultural security equipment, with high practical application value.
Keywords:STM32F103C8T6; Orchard Anti-theft; IoT; Environmental Monitoring; Remote Monitoring; 4G Communication.
目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 人体热释电检测模块选择
2.1.3 摄像头选择
2.1.4 温湿度传感器选择
2.1.5 光照检测模块选择
2.1.6 时钟模块选择
2.1.7 霍尔传感器选择
2.1.8 显示模块选择
2.1.9 4G 模块选择
2.1.10 语音播报模块选择
2.1.11 声光报警装置选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 人体检测与报警电路
3.3 门状态检测电路
3.4 温湿度传感器电路
3.5 光照检测模块电路
3.6 时钟模块电路
3.7 显示模块电路
3.8 按键模块电路
3.9 4G 模块电路
3.10 语音播报模块电路
3.11 摄像头模块电路
3.12 声光报警电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 温湿度检测模块子流程
4.5 OLED显示流程设计
4.6 时钟模块子流程设计
4.7 语音播报模块子流程设计
4.8 发送短信子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 人体热释电检测模块功能测试
5.3 摄像头模块功能测试
5.4 温湿度传感器功能测试
5.5 光照检测模块功能测试
5.6 时钟与霍尔传感器功能测试
5.7 OLED 显示与按键功能测试
5.8 4G 模块功能测试
5.9 声光报警与语音模块功能测试
第6章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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