设计说明书
总字数：17000+
摘要
随着智能家居和安全用电理念的普及，对电器设备的精准控制与安全监测需求日益增长。传统开关插座依赖人工操作，存在定时功能缺失、安全隐患难察觉、能耗无法计量等问题，难以满足现代生活与工业场景中对用电便利性、安全性和节能性的要求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的定时开关插座，整合了 DS1302 时钟模块、INA219 电压电流监测模块、DS18B20 温度检测模块、OLED 显示屏、按键及控制电路，实现了电器的定时开关、安全保护与能耗监测功能。系统核心功能包括：通过 DS1302 获取实时时间，支持设置多个开关时段，实现电器的自动启停；借助 INA219 模块检测插座电压电流，计算设备工作时长与耗电量并在 OLED 显示；当电压或电流超过预设最大值时，自动断开插座供电；通过 DS1302 检测线路温度，超过阈值时触发断电保护；支持按键设置电压、电流、温度阈值及定时参数，OLED 显示屏实时展示时间、电压、电流、温度、能耗及开关状态。
该系统的实现，有效提升了用电控制的便利性与精准性，通过多重安全保护机制（过压、过流、过热）降低了用电风险，同时实现了能耗的可视化管理，为节能用电提供数据支持，对同类智能插座设备的研发具有参考价值，应用前景广泛。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；定时开关插座；安全保护；能耗监测；OLED 显示
ABSTRACT
With the popularization of smart home and safe electricity consumption concepts, the demand for precise control and safety monitoring of electrical equipment is increasing. Traditional switch sockets rely on manual operation, with problems such as lack of timing functions, difficulty in detecting potential safety hazards, and inability to measure energy consumption, making them unable to meet the requirements for convenience, safety, and energy efficiency in modern life and industrial scenarios.
The STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller-based timed switch socket (project number: mcuclub-dz-794) integrates a DS1302 clock module, INA219 voltage and current monitoring module, DS18B20 temperature detection module, OLED display, buttons, and control circuits, realizing functions of timed switching, safety protection, and energy consumption monitoring for electrical appliances. The core functions of the system include: obtaining real-time time through DS1302, supporting the setting of multiple switching periods to achieve automatic start and stop of electrical appliances; detecting socket voltage and current with the INA219 module, calculating equipment working hours and power consumption and displaying them on the OLED; automatically cutting off the socket power supply when the voltage or current exceeds the preset maximum value; detecting line temperature through DS18B20 and triggering power-off protection when exceeding the threshold; supporting button settings of voltage, current, temperature thresholds and timing parameters, with the OLED display real-time showing time, voltage, current, temperature, energy consumption, and switch status.
The implementation of this system effectively improves the convenience and accuracy of electricity control. It reduces electricity risks through multiple safety protection mechanisms (overvoltage, overcurrent, overheating) and realizes visual management of energy consumption, providing data support for energy-saving electricity use. It has reference value for the research and development of similar smart socket equipment and has broad application prospects.
Keywords:STM32F103C8T6; timed switch socket; safety protection; energy consumption monitoring; OLED display.
目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 时钟模块选择
2.1.3 电压电流监测模块选择
2.1.4 温度检测模块选择
2.1.5 显示模块选择
2.1.6 按键模块选择
2.1.7 继电器模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 时钟模块电路
3.3 电压电流监测模块电路
3.4 温度检测模块电路
3.5 显示模块电路
3.6 按键模块电路
3.7 继电器控制电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 温度检测模块子流程设计
4.5 OLED显示流程设计
4.6 时钟模块子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 时钟与定时功能测试
5.3 电压电流监测与能耗统计功能测试
5.4 过压过流过热保护功能测试
5.5 温度检测模块功能测试
5.6 按键设置与显示功能测试
5.7 继电器控制功能测试
第6章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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