设计说明书
总字数：16000+
摘要
随着汽车保有量的不断增加，车内空气质量对人体健康的影响日益凸显。传统的车载空气净化方式多为单一过滤，缺乏智能检测与自动调控功能，净化效率低，且无法根据车内人员状态灵活切换工作模式，难以满足用户对高品质车内环境的需求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的车载空气净化器，整合了 GP2Y10 PM2.5 传感器、SGP30 气体传感器、D203S 人体热释电传感器、DHT11 温湿度传感器、3 个独立按键、OLED 显示屏及雾化片发生器、紫外消毒灯等执行设备，实现了车内空气的智能化净化与管理。系统核心功能包括：通过 GP2Y10 检测 PM2.5 浓度，当浓度超过设置最大值时，自动开启雾化片发生器；借助 SGP30 检测 CO₂和 TVOC 浓度，当任意一项超过设置最大值时，启动雾化片发生器；通过 D203S 检测车内是否有人，无人时开启紫外消毒灯，有人时关闭；利用 DHT11 监测车内温湿度；支持设置紫外消毒倒计时，倒计时内无人则启动，结束后自动关闭；通过 3 个按键可设置 PM2.5、CO₂及 TVOC 的最大值阈值；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示各项检测数据。
该系统的实现，有效提升了车载空气净化的智能化水平，能根据车内空气质量和人员状态自动调节净化设备，为用户提供健康舒适的车内环境，同时为同类车载净化设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；车载空气净化器；传感器；智能调控；PM2.5
ABSTRACT
With the continuous increase in the number of cars, the impact of in-vehicle air quality on human health has become increasingly prominent. Traditional vehicle-mounted air purification methods are mostly single filtration, lacking intelligent detection and automatic regulation functions, with low purification efficiency, and unable to flexibly switch working modes according to the state of people in the car, making it difficult to meet users’ needs for high-quality in-vehicle environments.
The vehicle-mounted air purifier based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates GP2Y10 PM2.5 sensor, SGP30 gas sensor, D203S human body pyroelectric sensor, DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, 3 independent buttons, OLED display, and executive devices such as negative ion generator and ultraviolet disinfection lamp, realizing intelligent purification and management of in-vehicle air. The core functions of the system include: detecting PM2.5 concentration in the car through GP2Y10, and automatically turning on the negative ion generator when the concentration exceeds the set maximum value; using SGP30 to detect CO₂ and TVOC concentrations in the car environment, and starting the negative ion generator when either exceeds the set maximum value; detecting whether there is a person in the car through D203S, turning on the ultraviolet disinfection lamp when there is no one, and turning it off otherwise; monitoring the temperature and humidity in the environment with DHT11; supporting the setting of a countdown time for ultraviolet disinfection, which starts if no one is detected within the countdown and automatically turns off when the countdown ends; setting the maximum values of PM2.5, CO₂ and TVOC through 3 buttons; displaying data in real time through the OLED display.
The implementation of this system effectively improves the intelligence level of vehicle-mounted air purification, can automatically adjust purification equipment according to in-vehicle air quality and personnel status, provides users with a healthy and comfortable in-vehicle environment, and also provides a reference for the research and development of similar vehicle-mounted purification equipment, with high practical application value.
Keywords:STM32F103C8T6; Vehicle-mounted air purifier; Sensor; Intelligent regulation; PM2.5
目录
第 1 章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 PM2.5 传感器选择
2.1.3 气体传感器选择
2.1.4 人体感应传感器选择
2.1.5 温湿度传感器选择
2.1.6 按键模块选择
2.1.7 显示模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 GP2Y10 PM2.5 检测模块电路
3.3 SGP30 气体传感器电路
3.4 D203S 人体感应模块电路
3.5 DHT11 温湿度检测模块电路
3.6 按键模块电路
3.7 OLED 显示模块电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 温湿度检测模块子流程设计
4.6 PM2.5检测模块子流程设计
4.7 SGP30模块子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 GP2Y10 PM2.5 传感器功能测试
5.3 SGP30 气体传感器功能测试
5.4 D203S 人体热释电传感器功能测试
5.5 紫外消毒定时功能测试
5.6按键设置功能测试
5.7 OLED 显示功能测试
第 6 章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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