设计说明书
总字数：18000+
摘要
随着道路交通事业的快速发展，对驾驶状态的实时监测与危险预警对保障道路交通安全、减少交通事故具有重要意义。传统的驾驶安全管理多依赖人工监督或驾驶员自觉，存在监测不及时、预警滞后、难以全面覆盖等问题，难以满足对疲劳驾驶、酒驾等危险行为的有效防控需求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的防疲劳驾驶检测系统，整合了 MAX30102 心率检测模块、MQ-3 酒精检测模块、FSR402 薄膜压力检测模块、MPU6050 加速度模块、OLED 显示屏、按键、语音播报模块及车辆启动控制装置等，实现了对驾驶员状态的实时监测、智能预警与相应控制。系统核心功能包括：通过 MAX30102 实时监测驾驶员心率，当心率不在设置范围内时，语音播报 “请注意，心率异常”；通过 MQ-3 检测驾驶员酒精浓度，当浓度大于设置最大值时，语音播报 “请注意，喝酒不要开车”，并禁止车辆启动；车辆行驶过程中，通过 FSR402 检测驾驶员手是否离开方向盘，若检测到离开，语音播报 “请注意，检测到你存在疲劳驾驶的可能”；通过 MPU6050 检测方向盘是否转动，若 10 秒内未发生变化，语音播报 “请注意，检测到你存在疲劳驾驶的可能”；车辆启动后自动计时，当驾驶时间大于设置最大值时，通过 CN-TTS 语音播报 “请勿疲劳驾驶”；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示各项检测数据；支持通过按键设置心率范围、酒精浓度最大值、驾驶时间最大值，以及控制车辆驾驶的开启和停止。
该系统的实现，有效提升了驾驶安全监测的自动化与智能化水平，能够及时发现潜在危险并进行预警，减少了人工干预的局限性，为保障道路交通安全提供了高效、可靠的解决方案，同时为同类驾驶安全监测设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；防疲劳驾驶；检测系统；传感器；智能预警；语音播报
ABSTRACT
With the rapid development of road transportation, real-time monitoring and hazard warning of driving status are of great significance for ensuring road traffic safety and reducing traffic accidents. Traditional driving safety management mostly relies on manual supervision or drivers’ self-awareness, which has problems such as delayed monitoring, lagging warnings, and difficulty in full coverage. It is thus difficult to meet the needs of effectively preventing dangerous behaviors such as fatigue driving and drunk driving.
The fatigue driving detection system based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates the MAX30102 heart rate detection module, MQ-3 alcohol detection module, FSR402 film pressure detection module, MPU6050 acceleration module, OLED display, buttons, voice broadcast module, and vehicle start control device, realizing real-time monitoring, intelligent early warning, and corresponding control of the driver’s status. The core functions of the system include: real-time monitoring of the driver’s heart rate through MAX30102, and voice broadcast of “Attention, abnormal heart rate” when the heart rate is outside the set range; detection of the driver’s alcohol concentration through MQ-3, and voice broadcast of “Attention, do not drive after drinking” when the concentration exceeds the set maximum value, with the vehicle prevented from starting; during vehicle operation, detection of whether the driver’s hands leave the steering wheel through FSR402, and voice broadcast of “Attention, you may be fatigued driving” if such a situation is detected; detection of steering wheel rotation through MPU6050, and voice broadcast of “Attention, you may be fatigued driving” if no rotation is detected within 10 seconds; automatic timing after the vehicle starts, and voice broadcast of “Do not drive fatigued” via CN-TTS when the driving time exceeds the set maximum value; real-time display of all detection data on the OLED screen; support for setting heart rate range, maximum alcohol concentration, maximum driving time, and controlling the start and stop of vehicle driving via buttons.
The implementation of this system effectively improves the automation and intelligence level of driving safety monitoring, enables timely detection of potential hazards and early warnings, reduces the limitations of manual intervention, provides an efficient and reliable solution for ensuring road traffic safety, and offers a reference for the research and development of similar agricultural environment monitoring and control equipment, thus having high practical application value.
Keywords:STM32F103C8T6; anti-fatigue driving; detection system; sensor; intelligent early warning; voice broadcast
目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 心率检测模块选择
2.1.3 酒精检测模块选择
2.1.4 方向盘状态检测模块选择
2.1.5 方向盘转动检测模块选择
2.1.6 显示模块选择
2.1.7 语音播报模块选择
2.1.8 按键模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 心率检测模块电路
3.3 酒精检测模块电路
3.4 薄膜压力检测模块电路
3.5 加速度检测模块电路
3.6 显示模块电路
3.7 语音播报模块电路
3.8 按键模块电路
3.10 执行设备驱动电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 心率血氧模块子流程设计
4.6 MPU6050模块子流程设计
4.7 语音播报模块子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 心率检测模块功能测试
5.3 酒精检测模块功能测试
5.4 薄膜压力与加速度模块功能测试
5.5 驾驶时长计时与语音播报功能测试
5.7 按键设置与显示功能测试
5.8 执行设备（车辆启动继电器）功能测试
第6章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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