设计说明书
总字数：17000+
摘要
随着工业生产和建筑施工安全意识的不断提升，对作业人员的实时安全监测与防护愈发重要。传统的安全头盔仅能提供物理防护，无法实时监测作业人员的身体状态和突发安全状况，存在安全预警滞后、无法及时响应等问题，难以满足现代化作业场景对智能化安全管理的需求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能安全头盔，整合了 FSR402 薄膜压力检测模块、MAX30102 心率检测模块、MPU6050 运动检测模块、OLED 显示模块、ESP8266 WiFi 模块、声光报警装置及 CN-TTS 语音播报模块，实现了对作业人员的全方位安全监测与智能预警。系统核心功能包括：通过 FSR402 检测头盔佩戴状态，确保作业人员正确佩戴；借助 MAX30102 实时监测用户心率，当佩戴头盔且心率超出预设阈值时，触发声光报警；利用 MPU6050 检测用户是否摔倒或受到撞击，发生异常时立即启动声光报警；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示心率、撞击状态及佩戴情况；通过 ESP8266 WiFi 模块将监测数据传输至手机端，支持手机端设置心率阈值，同时 CN-TTS 语音播报模块可播报 “呼叫：请到办公室接收任务” 等信息。
该系统的实现，有效提升了作业人员安全监测的实时性与智能化水平，实现了从被动防护到主动预警的转变，为作业安全管理提供了高效、可靠的解决方案，同时为同类智能防护装备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；智能安全头盔；安全监测；传感器；无线通信；声光报警
ABSTRACT
With the continuous improvement of safety awareness in industrial production and construction, real-time safety monitoring and protection of workers have become increasingly important. Traditional safety helmets can only provide physical protection and cannot monitor workers’ physical conditions and sudden safety situations in real time. There are problems such as delayed safety early warning and inability to respond in a timely manner, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of intelligent safety management in modern work scenarios.
The intelligent safety helmet based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates FSR402 film pressure detection module, MAX30102 heart rate detection module, MPU6050 motion detection module, OLED display module, ESP8266 WiFi module, sound and light alarm device and CN-TTS voice broadcast module, realizing all-round safety monitoring and intelligent early warning for workers. The core functions of the system include: detecting the wearing status of the helmet through FSR402 to ensure that workers wear it correctly; real-time monitoring of the user’s heart rate with MAX30102, and triggering sound and light alarm when the helmet is worn and the heart rate exceeds the preset threshold; using MPU6050 to detect whether the user falls or is hit, and immediately starting sound and light alarm when an abnormality occurs; real-time display of heart rate, impact status and wearing status through the OLED display; transmitting monitoring data to the mobile phone through the ESP8266 WiFi module, supporting the mobile phone to set the maximum and minimum heart rate, and the CN-TTS voice broadcast module can broadcast information such as “Call: Please go to the office to receive the task”.
The implementation of this system effectively improves the real-time and intelligent level of workers’ safety monitoring, realizes the transformation from passive protection to active early warning, provides an efficient and reliable solution for work safety management, and also provides a reference for the research and development of similar intelligent protective equipment, with high practical application value.
Keywords:STM32F103C8T6; intelligent safety helmet; safety monitoring; sensor; wireless communication; sound and light alarm
目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 佩戴检测模块选择
2.1.3 心率检测模块选择
2.1.4 运动检测模块选择
2.1.5 显示模块选择
2.1.6 无线通信模块选择
2.1.7 语音播报模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 佩戴检测模块电路
3.3 心率检测模块电路
3.4 运动检测模块电路
3.5 显示模块电路
3.6 无线通信模块电路
3.7 语音播报模块电路
3.8 声光报警模块电路
3.9 按键模块电路
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 心率血氧模块子流程设计
4.5 OLED显示流程设计
4.6 WiFi模块子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 佩戴检测模块功能测试
5.3 心率检测模块功能测试
5.4 运动检测模块功能测试
5.5 无线通信模块功能测试
5.6 语音播报模块功能测试
5.7 声光报警模块功能测试
5.8 按键设置与显示功能测试
第6章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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