设计说明书
总字数：19000+
摘要
在宠物饲养过程中，为宠物提供适宜的生存环境和规律的饮食是保障其健康成长的关键。传统宠物喂养方式依赖人工定时投喂、环境调节，存在喂食不规律、环境参数监测不及时等问题，易导致宠物出现饮食不当、环境不适等健康隐患。因此，研发一种集成环境监测、自动调节、定时喂养及远程控制功能的智能宠物喂食器十分必要。
本设计提出了一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的宠物喂食器。系统主要功能包括：通过 DHT11 温湿度检测模块监测环境温湿度，温度或湿度过高时自动开启风扇通风，湿度较低时启动加湿器调节，参数恢复正常后自动关闭设备；借助 DS1302 时钟模块获取时间，支持设置定时投喂时间与喂食倒计时，到时后启动喂食机构，倒计时结束后停止投喂；通过 YW01 水位监测模块实时感知水位，低于最小值时自动加水，达到最大值后停止；利用 MQ-135 传感器检测空气质量，超标时触发通风功能改善环境；通过 MLX90614 非接触测温模块测量宠物体温，超出最大值时启动声光报警；用户可通过按键设置各项参数阈值，也能手动控制风扇、加湿器、喂食喂水等设备；所有监测数据通过 OLED 显示模块直观展示；通过 ESP8266-WiFi 模块将数据传输至手机端，支持远程设置参数与控制设备运行。
该宠物喂食器的作用在于，构建了 “环境感知 – 自动调节 – 智能喂养 – 远程管理” 的一体化饲养体系。通过多模块协同工作实现环境与饮食的精准调控，减少人工干预，为宠物提供稳定舒适的生存环境，同时提升饲养管理的便捷性与科学性。
关键词：单片机；宠物喂食器；环境监测；自动喂养；远程控制
Design of pet feeder based on microcontroller
Abstract
Providing a suitable living environment and regular diet for pets is the key to ensuring their healthy growth. The traditional pet feeding method relies on manual timed feeding and environmental regulation, which leads to problems such as irregular feeding and untimely monitoring of environmental parameters, which can easily cause health hazards such as improper diet and environmental discomfort for pets. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an intelligent pet feeder that integrates environmental monitoring, automatic adjustment, timed feeding, and remote control functions.
This design proposes a pet feeder based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The main functions of the system include: monitoring environmental temperature and humidity through the DHT11 temperature and humidity detection module, automatically turning on the fan for ventilation when the temperature or humidity is too high, starting the humidifier for adjustment when the humidity is low, and automatically shutting down the device after the parameters return to normal; Using the DS1302 clock module to obtain time, it supports setting timed feeding time and feeding countdown. When the time is up, the feeding mechanism will be started, and feeding will stop after the countdown ends; Real time sensing of water level through YW01 water level monitoring module, automatically adding water when it is below the minimum value, and stopping when it reaches the maximum value; Using MQ-135 sensors to detect air quality, triggering ventilation function to improve the environment when exceeding the standard; Measure pet body temperature through MLX90614 non-contact temperature measurement module, and activate sound and light alarm when the maximum value is exceeded; Users can set various parameter thresholds through buttons, as well as manually control devices such as fans, humidifiers, and feeding and water systems; All monitoring data is visually displayed through an OLED display module; Data is transmitted to the mobile phone through the ESP8266 WiFi module, which supports remote parameter setting and device operation control.
The function of this pet feeder is to build an integrated feeding system of “environmental perception automatic adjustment intelligent feeding remote management”. Through the collaborative work of multiple modules, precise regulation of environment and diet can be achieved, reducing manual intervention and providing stable and comfortable living environment for pets, while improving the convenience and scientificity of feeding and management.
Keywords：microcontroller; Pet feeders; Environmental monitoring; Automatic feeding; remote control
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 温湿度检测模块电路设计
3.4 时钟与定时投喂模块电路设计
3.5 水位监测模块电路设计
3.6 空气质量检测模块电路设计
3.7 宠物测温模块电路设计
3.8 按键模块电路设计
3.9 显示模块电路设计
3.10 WiFi 通信模块电路设计
3.11 继电器控制模块电路设计
3.11 声光报警模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 WiFi模块子流程设计
4.6 温湿度检测模块子流程
4.7 ADC模数转换子流程设计
4.8 时钟模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 温湿度检测与通风加湿功能测试
5.3 定时投喂功能测试
5.4 水位监测与加水功能测试
5.5 空气质量检测与通风功能测试
5.6 宠物体温检测与报警功能测试
5.7 参数设置功能测试
5.8 显示功能测试
5.9 远程控制功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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