设计说明书
总字数：15000+
摘要
在商用场所（如办公室、商场、餐厅等），良好的空气质量与适宜的背景音乐对提升环境舒适度和用户体验至关重要。传统的换风系统多为定时启停或手动控制，难以根据实时空气质量动态调节；音乐播放则需人工操作，存在响应滞后、与人员状态匹配度低等问题，无法满足智能化管理需求。
基于 STC89C52 单片机的商用智能换风音乐系统，整合了 SGP30 CO₂传感器、MQ-135 空气质量传感器、HC-SR04 超声波传感器、3 个独立按键、LCD1602 显示屏及执行设备（通风装置、音乐播放器），实现了商用环境的空气质量监测、智能换风与音乐联动控制。系统核心功能包括：通过 SGP30 监测 CO₂浓度，MQ-135 检测空气质量（涵盖甲醛、苯等有害气体）；借助 HC-SR04 判断场所内是否有人，有人时自动播放音乐，无人时关闭音乐；当 CO₂或空气质量超标时，自动启动通风装置；支持通过 3 个按键设置 CO₂和空气质量最大值阈值，以及手动控制通风和音乐播放开关；通过 LCD1602 实时显示各项监测数据及设备运行状态。
该系统的实现，有效提升了商用场所环境管理的自动化与智能化水平，既能保障空气质量达标，又能按需提供背景音乐，为商用场所的高效运营与用户体验提升提供了可靠支持，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STC89C52；商用环境；智能换风；音乐控制；传感器
ABSTRACT
In commercial places (such as offices, shopping malls, restaurants, etc.), good air quality and appropriate background music are crucial for improving environmental comfort and user experience. Traditional ventilation systems are mostly timed to start and stop or manually controlled, making it difficult to dynamically adjust according to real-time air quality; music playback requires manual operation, with problems such as delayed response and low matching with personnel status, which cannot meet the needs of intelligent management.
The commercial intelligent ventilation music system based on STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer integrates SGP30 CO₂ sensor, MQ-135 air quality sensor, HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor, 3 independent buttons, LCD1602 display and executive devices (ventilation device, music player), realizing air quality monitoring, intelligent ventilation and music linkage control in commercial environments. The core functions of the system include: monitoring CO₂ concentration through SGP30, and MQ-135 detecting air quality (including harmful gases such as formaldehyde and benzene); using HC-SR04 to judge whether there are people in the place, playing music automatically when there are people, and turning off music when there is no one; when CO₂ or air quality exceeds the standard, automatically starting the ventilation device; supporting the setting of maximum thresholds for CO₂ and air quality through 3 buttons, as well as manual control of ventilation and music playback on/off; real-time display of various monitoring data and equipment operation status through LCD1602.
The implementation of this system effectively improves the automation and intelligence level of environmental management in commercial places. It can not only ensure that air quality meets standards but also provide background music on demand, providing reliable support for the efficient operation of commercial places and the improvement of user experience, with high practical application value.
Keywords:STC89C52; Commercial environment; Intelligent ventilation; Music control; Sensor
目录
第 1 章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 CO₂传感器选择
2.1.3 空气质量传感器选择
2.1.4 人体存在传感器选择
2.1.5 显示模块选择
2.1.6 音乐播放模块选择
2.1.7 按键模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 SGP30 CO₂传感器电路
3.3 MQ-135 空气质量传感器电路
3.4 HC-SR04 超声波传感器电路
3.5 LCD1602 显示模块电路
3.6 按键模块电路
3.7 通风设备驱动电路
3.8 音乐播放模块电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 SGP30模块子流程设计
4.6 ADC模数转换子流程设计
4.7 超声波检测模块子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 SGP30 CO₂传感器功能测试
5.3 MQ-135 空气质量传感器功能测试
5.4 HC-SR04 超声波传感器功能测试
5.5 DFplayerMini 音乐模块功能测试
5.6 按键设置功能测试
5.7 LCD1602 显示功能测试
第 6 章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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