设计说明书
总字数：19000+
摘 要
随着汽车智能化技术的不断发展，车窗控制系统作为车辆的重要组成部分，其智能化程度直接影响驾驶安全性和舒适性。传统的车窗控制方式多依赖手动操作，无法满足现代汽车智能化、自动化的需求。因此，开发一款基于单片机的智能车窗控制系统具有重要的现实意义。
该系统通过DHT11传感器监测车内温湿度，当温度或湿度超过预设阈值时，系统自动开启车窗以防止不良环境影响。MQ-2烟雾监测模块用于检测车内烟雾浓度，一旦烟雾浓度超标，系统将自动开窗以迅速排除烟雾。分离式红外对射管则用于监测车窗关闭过程中是否有人或物体，以避免夹伤事故发生。此外，系统还具备语音识别功能，能够响应驾驶员的语音指令进行车窗开关操作。用户可通过按键设置温湿度、烟雾浓度的阈值以及车窗开关模式。系统还配备了OLED显示屏，实时显示当前监测数据。
该车窗控制系统通过智能化的传感器监测与控制逻辑，实现了车窗的自动化、智能化控制，不仅提升了驾驶的便利性和舒适性，还显著增强了车窗操作的安全性，为智能汽车的发展提供了有效的技术支持，具有广阔的应用前景。
关键词：车窗控制系统；STM32F103C8T6；DHT11；智能化控制
Window Control System Based on Single Chip Microcomputer
Abstract：With the continuous development of intelligent technology in automobiles, the window control system, as an important component of vehicles, has a direct impact on driving safety and
comfort due to its level of intelligence. The traditional window control method relies heavily on manual operation and cannot meet the needs of modern automotive intelligence and automation. Therefore, developing an intelligent car window control system based on a microcontroller has important practical significance.
The system monitors the temperature and humidity inside the car through DHT11 sensors. When the temperature or humidity exceeds a preset threshold, the system automatically open the windows to prevent adverse environmental effects. The MQ-2 smoke monitoring module is used to detect the smoke concentration inside the vehicle. Once the smoke concentration exceeds the standard, the system will automatically open the window to quickly eliminate the smoke. The separated infrared collimator is used to monitor whether there are people or objects during the process of closing the car window, in order to avoid injury accidents. In addition, the system also has voice recognition function, which can respond to the driver’s voice commands to operate the window switch. Users can set threshold values for temperature, humidity, smoke concentration, and window switch modes through buttons. The system is also equipped with an OLED display screen.
The window control system achieves automation and intelligent control of windows through intelligent sensor monitoring and control logic, which not only improves the convenience and comfort of driving, but also significantly enhances the safety of window operation, providing effective technical support for the development of intelligent vehicles and having broad application prospects.
Keywords：Car window control system; STM32F103C8T6； DHT11； intelligent control
目 录
摘 要
Abstract：
1 绪论
1.1研究背景及意义
1.2国内外研究现状
1.2.1国内研究现状
1.2.2国外研究现状
1.3系统总体设计思路
1.4主要研究内容及工作
1.5本章小结
2 系统总体设计方案
2.1系统整体结构
2.2系统设计的功能分析
2.3方案论证与选择
2.3.1单片机选择
2.3.2温湿度传感器选择
2.3.3烟雾传感器选择
2.3.4 语音识别传感器选择
2.3.5 人体监测传感器选择
2.4本章小结
3 系统硬件设计
3.1电源电路设计
3.2单片机最小系统设计
3.2.1 单片机介绍
3.2.2 晶振电路设计
3.2.3 复位电路设计
3.3温湿度监测模块电路设计
3.4烟雾监测模块电路设计
3.5人体监测模块电路设计
3.6语音识别模块电路设计
3.7显示模块电路设计
3.8步进电机驱动模块电路设计
3.9按键模块电路设计
3.10本章小结
4 系统硬件设计
4.1主程序流程设计
4.2温湿度监测子流程设计
4.3烟雾监测子流程设计
4.4人体监测子流程设计
4.5显示子流程设计
4.6本章小结
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1PCB板的制作过程
5.2调试过程
5.2.1 硬件调试
5.2.2 软件调试
5.2.3 系统总体调试
5.3功能测试
5.3.1温湿度测控实物测试
5.3.2烟雾测控实物测试
5.3.3人体测控实物测试
5.3.4语音、按键控制实物测试
5.4本章小结
6 总结
致 谢
参考文献
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