设计说明书
总字数：17000+
在智能汽车快速发展的背景下，安全驾驶监控系统成为保障行车安全的重要技术手段。随着城市交通的日益复杂，车辆行驶过程中面临诸多风险，如超速、碰撞障碍物以及车辆长时间停滞等。因此，开发一种能够实时监测车辆行驶状态并提供有效预警的系统显得尤为重要。
本设计基于STM32F103C8T6单片机，构建了一套智能汽车安全驾驶监控系统，旨在通过多种传感器实现对车辆行驶状态的全面监测与智能控制，从而提升驾驶安全性和便利性。系统通过红外测速模块实时监测小车速度，当检测到速度超过预设阈值时，立即触发声光报警；利用超声波传感器监测小车与障碍物的距离，实现精准避障；借助循迹模块控制小车按预定路线行驶，确保行驶方向的准确性；通过GPS模块获取小车的实时位置信息，便于车辆定位与追踪；利用加速度监测模块检测车辆启动后是否长时间静止（10秒以上），并发出声光报警提醒；此外，系统通过蓝牙模块将监测数据传输至手机端，用户可通过手机控制小车的工作模式，如避障或循迹模式切换。
在实物测试中，该系统表现出良好的稳定性和可靠性。各功能模块协同工作，报警响应及时准确，数据传输稳定无延迟。测试结果表明，系统能够有效监测车辆的行驶状态，及时发现潜在风险并发出预警，显著提升了车辆的安全驾驶性能，具有较高的实用价值和推广前景。
关键词：汽车安全；单片机；测速；循迹；手机控制
In the context of rapid development of intelligent vehicles, safety driving monitoring systems have become an important technical means to ensure driving safety. With the increasing complexity of urban transportation, vehicles face many risks during the driving process, such as speeding, collision with obstacles, and prolonged vehicle stagnation. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a system that can monitor the real-time driving status of vehicles and provide effective warnings.
This design is based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller and constructs an intelligent car safety driving monitoring system. The aim is to achieve comprehensive monitoring and intelligent control of the vehicle’s driving status through multiple sensors, thereby improving driving safety and convenience. The system monitors the speed of the car in real time through an infrared speed measurement module. When the speed exceeds the preset threshold, it immediately triggers an audible and visual alarm; Using ultrasonic sensors to monitor the distance between the car and obstacles, achieving precise obstacle avoidance; Using the tracking module to control the car to travel along a predetermined route, ensuring the accuracy of the driving direction; Obtaining real-time location information of the car through the GPS module, facilitating vehicle positioning and tracking; Use acceleration monitoring module to detect whether the vehicle is stationary for a long time (more than 10 seconds) after starting, and issue sound and light alarm reminders; In addition, the system transmits monitoring data to the mobile phone through a Bluetooth module, and users can control the working mode of the car through their mobile phone, such as switching between obstacle avoidance or tracking modes.
In physical testing, the system demonstrated good stability and reliability. Each functional module works together, with timely and accurate alarm response, and stable data transmission without delay. The test results show that the system can effectively monitor the driving status of vehicles, timely detect potential risks and issue warnings, significantly improving the safe driving performance of vehicles, and has high practical value and promotion prospects.
Keywords: Automotive safety; singlechip; Speed measurement; Following the trail; Mobile control
1 引言
1.1 研究背景和意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.2.1 国外研究现状
1.2.2国内研究现状
1.3 主要内容和工作安排
2 系统总体设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2器件选型
2.2.1主控芯片选择
2.2.2 测距模块方案选择
2.2.3 测速模块方案选择
2.2.4 循迹模块方案选择
2.2.5 无线通信模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 主控电路设计
3.1.1 STM32F103C8T6单片机简介
3.1.2 单片机最小系统设计
3.2超声波测距模块电路设计
3.3测速模块电路设计
3.4循迹模块电路设计
3.5定位模块电路设计
3.6加速度监测模块电路设计
3.7直流电机驱动模块电路设计
3.8声光报警模块电路设计
3.9蓝牙模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 超声波检测模块子流程设计
4.4 直流电机速度调节子流程设计
4.5 MPU6050模块子流程设计
4.6 GPS模块子流程设计
4.7 蓝牙模块子流程设计
5 系统调试
5.1 仿真测试
5.1.1 仿真绘制
5.1.2 功能测试
5.2 实物测试
5.2.1 整体实物焊接图
5.2.2 车速测控功能测试
5.2.3 超声波测距实物测试
5.2.4 循迹模块实物测试
5.2.5 定位模块实物测试
5.2.6 加速度测控模块实物测试
5.2.7 蓝牙测控实物测试
总结
参 考 文 献
致 谢
附录A
附录B
附录C
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