设计说明书
总字数：20000+
摘要
随着城市化进程的加快和楼宇智能化水平的提升，传统的楼宇应答方式已难以满足安全、便捷的管理需求。传统方式多依赖机械钥匙或单一密码，存在钥匙易丢失、密码易泄露、授权管理繁琐等问题，且缺乏有效的异常预警机制，安全性和灵活性不足。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能楼宇应答系统，整合了 4*4 矩阵键盘、RFID 卡识别模块、AT24C02 存储模块、SU-03T 语音识别模块、ESP8266 WIFI 模块、OLED 显示屏、继电器及蜂鸣器，实现了多元化的楼宇准入控制与智能管理。系统核心功能包括：通过矩阵键盘进行密码输入（支持数字键、删除键、确定键及模式控制键），可完成密码重置、一键还原初始密码、RFID 卡添加与删除等操作；借助 RFID 卡识别模块实现非接触式刷卡准入；通过 AT24C02 存储密码和 RFID 卡信息，实现掉电数据保存；利用 SU-03T 语音识别模块接收语音指令控制门锁开关；当密码或 RFID 卡输入错误次数≥3 次时，系统锁定键盘及 RFID 模块 3 分钟并触发蜂鸣器报警，同时通过 ESP8266 WIFI 模块向手机发送弹窗和震动提醒；支持手机远程控制门锁开关，且密码输入可包含扰乱码，增强安全性；OLED 显示屏以号显示输入密码，保护隐私。
该系统的实现，有效提升了楼宇应答的安全性与便捷性，实现了多元化准入控制与远程管理，为智能楼宇的安全管理提供了高效解决方案，同时为同类安防系统的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；智能楼宇；应答系统；RFID 识别；远程控制
ABSTRACT
With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of building intelligence, traditional building answering methods can hardly meet the needs of safe and convenient management. Traditional methods mostly rely on mechanical keys or single passwords, which have problems such as easy loss of keys, easy leakage of passwords, cumbersome authorization management, and lack of effective abnormal early warning mechanisms, resulting in insufficient security and flexibility.
The intelligent building answering system based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates a 4*4 matrix keyboard, RFID card recognition module, AT24C02 storage module, SU-03T voice recognition module, ESP8266 WIFI module, OLED display, relay and buzzer, realizing diversified building access control and intelligent management. The core functions of the system include: password input through the matrix keyboard (supporting number keys, delete key, confirm key and mode control keys), which can complete operations such as password reset, one-click restoration of initial password, addition and deletion of RFID cards; non-contact card access through the RFID card recognition module; storing passwords and RFID card information through AT24C02 to realize power-off data preservation; receiving voice commands through the SU-03T voice recognition module to control the door lock; when the number of wrong password or RFID card inputs is ≥ 3, the system locks the keyboard and RFID module for 3 minutes, triggers the buzzer alarm, and sends pop-up and vibration reminders to the mobile phone through the ESP8266 WIFI module; supports remote control of the door lock via mobile phone, and password input can include disturbing codes to enhance security; the OLED display shows the input password with * to protect privacy.
The implementation of this system effectively improves the security and convenience of building answering, realizes diversified access control and remote management, provides an efficient solution for the security management of intelligent buildings, and also offers a reference for the research and development of similar security systems, with high practical application value.
Keywords:STM32F103C8T6; Intelligent building; Answering system; RFID recognition; Remote control
目录
第 1 章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 矩阵键盘选择
2.1.3 RFID 卡识别模块选择
2.1.4 存储模块选择
2.1.5 语音识别模块选择
2.1.6 WIFI 模块选择
2.1.7 显示模块选择
2.1.8 执行模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 矩阵键盘模块电路
3.3 RFID 卡识别模块电路
3.4 存储模块电路
3.5 语音识别模块电路
3.6 WIFI 模块电路
3.7 显示模块电路
3.8 执行模块电路
3.9 报警模块电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 WiFi模块子流程设计
4.6 存储模块子流程设计
4.7 语言识别模块子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 矩阵键盘功能测试
5.3 RFID 卡识别模块功能测试
5.4 密码管理功能测试
5.5 语音识别与执行模块功能测试
5.6 WIFI 模块远程控制
5.7 异常锁定与报警功能测试
第 6 章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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