设计说明书
总字数：17000+
摘要
在日常生产生活中，传统风扇的使用往往存在诸多不便，如需要人工手动开关、无法根据环境温度自动调节风速、不能感应人体存在而智能启停，且在无人状态下持续运行会造成能源浪费。这些问题使得传统风扇难以满足人们对智能化、节能化生活的需求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的感应式风扇，整合了 DS18B20 温度检测模块、D203S 人体检测模块、DS1302 时钟模块、ULN2003 步进电机驱动模块、MX1508 电机驱动模块、按键及 OLED 显示屏，实现了风扇的智能化运行与便捷控制。系统核心功能包括：通过 DS18B20 实时检测环境温度，为风速调节提供依据；借助 D203S 检测当前环境是否有人，在设定的风扇开启时间范围内，若检测到人则根据当前温度自动调整风速，时间到达后自动停止运行；利用 DS1302 时钟模块可灵活设置风扇的开关时间；通过 ULN2003 驱动模块控制风扇摇头，满足不同范围的送风需求；采用 MX1508 驱动模块并利用 PWM 技术控制风扇转速；支持通过按键设置各阈值、调节风扇转速以及控制摇头功能的开关；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示测量的温度值、风扇转速、运行状态等信息。
该感应式风扇的实现，有效提升了风扇使用的智能化与节能性，减少了人工操作，满足了人们在不同场景下对风扇的使用需求，同时为同类智能家电的研发提供了参考，具有一定的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；感应式风扇；温度检测；人体感应；智能控制；PWM 调速
ABSTRACT
In daily production and life, the use of traditional electric fans often brings a lot of inconveniences. For example, they need to be turned on and off manually, cannot automatically adjust the wind speed according to the ambient temperature, fail to intelligently start or stop based on human presence, and keep running when no one is around, resulting in energy waste. These problems make traditional electric fans unable to meet people’s needs for an intelligent and energy – saving life.
The inductive fan based on the STM32F103C8T6 single – chip microcomputer integrates the DS18B20 temperature detection module, D203S human body detection module, DS1302 clock module, ULN2003 stepper motor driver module, MX1508 motor driver module, buttons and OLED display, realizing the intelligent operation and convenient control of the fan. The core functions of the system are as follows: The DS18B20 is used to detect the ambient temperature in real – time, providing a basis for wind speed adjustment; The D203S is employed to detect whether there is a person in the current environment. Within the set fan – on time range, if a person is detected, the wind speed will be automatically adjusted according to the current temperature, and the fan will stop running automatically when the time is up; The DS1302 clock module allows flexible setting of the fan’s on and off time; The ULN2003 driver module controls the fan to oscillate, meeting the air supply needs of different ranges; The MX1508 driver module combined with PWM technology is adopted to control the fan speed; It supports setting various thresholds, adjusting the fan speed, and turning the oscillation function on or off through buttons; The OLED display shows real – time measured temperature, fan speed, operating status and other information.
The realization of this inductive fan has effectively improved the intelligence and energy efficiency of fan use, reduced manual operations, met people’s needs for using fans in different scenarios, and provided a reference for the research and development of similar intelligent household appliances, thus having certain practical application value.
Keywords:STM32F103C8T6; Inductive fan; Temperature detection; Human body induction; Intelligent control; PWM speed regulation.
目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 温度检测模块选择
2.1.3 人体检测模块选择
2.1.4 时钟模块选择
2.1.5 步进电机驱动模块选择
2.1.6 风扇驱动模块选择
2.1.7 显示模块选择
2.1.8 按键模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 温度检测模块电路
3.3 人体检测模块电路
3.4 时钟模块电路
3.5 步进电机驱动模块电路
3.6 风扇驱动与转速控制模块电路
3.7 按键模块电路
3.8 显示模块电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 温度检测模块子流程
4.6 直流电机速度调节子流程设计
4.7 步进电机子流程设计
第5章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 温度检测模块功能测试
5.3 人体检测模块功能测试
5.4 时钟模块功能测试
5.5 风扇调速与摇头功能测试
5.6 按键设置与显示功能测试
5.7 综合功能测试
第6章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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