设计说明书
总字数：19000+
摘要
在日常生活中，传统的家居环境监测往往依赖人工观察和单一设备检测，存在监测不全面、数据滞后、报警不及时等问题，难以实时掌握家居环境的整体状况，无法为人们提供安全、舒适的居住保障。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的家居环境监测系统，整合了 DHT11 温湿度传感器、GP2Y10 粉尘浓度（PM10）传感器、声音检测模块、5516 光照检测模块、SGP30 TVOC 浓度传感器、按键、OLED 显示屏及 ESP8266 WIFI 模块，实现了家居环境多参数的实时监测与智能报警。系统核心功能包括：通过 DHT11 检测环境温湿度，当数值超出设置范围时进行声光报警；借助 GP2Y10 检测 PM10 浓度，大于最大值时触发声光报警；通过声音检测模块监测分贝值，超过最大值即声光报警；利用 5516 光照检测模块获取光照强度，大于最大值时启动声光报警；通过 SGP30 检测 TVOC 浓度，超标时进行声光报警；支持通过按键设置各参数阈值；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示各项测量值；利用 ESP8266 WIFI 模块将测量数据发送到手机端，手机端也可设置各阈值。
该家居环境监测系统的实现，有效提升了家居环境监测的全面性与及时性，减少了人工监测的繁琐，为人们营造安全、舒适的居住环境提供了有力保障，同时为同类家居监测设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；家居环境；监测系统；多传感器；声光报警；WIFI 通信
ABSTRACT
In daily life, traditional home environment monitoring often relies on manual observation and single – device detection. It has problems such as incomplete monitoring, delayed data, and untimely alarms. It is difficult to grasp the overall situation of the home environment in real – time and cannot provide people with a safe and comfortable living guarantee.
The home environment monitoring system based on the STM32F103C8T6 single – chip microcomputer integrates the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, GP2Y10 dust concentration (PM10) sensor, sound detection module, 5516 light detection module, SGP30 TVOC concentration sensor, buttons, OLED display and ESP8266 WIFI module, realizing real – time monitoring and intelligent alarm of multiple parameters in the home environment. The core functions of the system are as follows: The DHT11 is used to detect the ambient temperature and humidity, and an acousto – optic alarm will be given when the values are out of the set range; The GP2Y10 is used to detect the PM10 concentration, and an acousto – optic alarm will be triggered when it is greater than the maximum value; The sound detection module is used to monitor the decibel value, and an acousto – optic alarm will be given when it exceeds the maximum value; The 5516 light detection module is used to obtain the light intensity, and an acousto – optic alarm will be activated when it is greater than the maximum value; The SGP30 is used to detect the TVOC concentration, and an acousto – optic alarm will be given when it exceeds the standard; It supports setting various parameter thresholds through buttons; The OLED display shows real – time various measured values; The ESP8266 WIFI module is used to send the measured data to the mobile phone, and the mobile phone can also set various thresholds.
The realization of this home environment monitoring system has effectively improved the comprehensiveness and timeliness of home environment monitoring, reduced the tediousness of manual monitoring, provided a strong guarantee for people to create a safe and comfortable living environment, and also provided a reference for the research and development of similar home monitoring equipment, which has high practical application value.
Keywords:STM32F103C8T6; Home environment; Monitoring system; Multi – sensor; Acousto – optic alarm; WIFI communication
目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 温湿度传感器选择
2.1.3 粉尘浓度（PM10）传感器选择
2.1.4 声音检测模块选择
2.1.5 光照检测模块选择
2.1.6 TVOC 浓度传感器选择
2.1.7 显示模块选择
2.1.8 WIFI 模块选择
2.1.9 按键模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 温湿度传感器电路
3.3 粉尘浓度检测模块电路
3.4 声音检测模块电路
3.5 光照检测模块电路
3.6 TVOC 浓度检测模块电路
3.7 按键模块电路
3.8 显示模块电路
3.9 声光报警模块电路
3.10 WIFI 模块电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 WiFi模块子流程设计
4.6 温湿度检测模块子流程设计
4.7 ADC模数转换子流程设计
4.8 PM2.5检测模块子流程设计
4.9 SGP30模块子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 温湿度传感器功能测试
5.3 粉尘浓度检测模块功能测试
5.4 声音检测模块功能测试
5.5 光照检测模块功能测试
5.6 TVOC 浓度检测模块功能测试
5.7 WIFI 模块功能测试
5.8 声光报警模块功能测试
5.9 按键设置与显示功能测试
第6章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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