设计说明书
总字数：18000+
摘要
随着人们对生活品质要求的不断提高，室内空气质量的实时监测与管理愈发重要。传统的室内空气质量检测依赖专业机构定期检测，存在检测周期长、成本高、无法实时反馈等问题，难以满足人们对室内环境安全的即时掌控需求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的室内空气质量检测仪，整合了 DHT11 温湿度传感器、MS1100 甲醛传感器、GP2Y10 PM2.5 传感器、SGP30 CO₂传感器、3 个独立按键、OLED 显示屏、声光报警装置及 ESP8266 WiFi 模块，实现了室内环境参数的全面监测与智能管理。系统核心功能包括：通过 DHT11 实时监测温湿度，当数值超出预设阈值时触发声光报警；借助 MS1100、GP2Y10、SGP30 分别检测甲醛、PM2.5、CO₂浓度，浓度超限时同步启动报警；支持通过独立按键现场设置各参数阈值，也可通过手机端远程设置；通过 OLED 显示屏实时展示各项检测数据；利用 WiFi 模块将数据传输至手机端，实现远程监测与阈值调控。
该系统的实现，有效提升了室内空气质量检测的实时性与便捷性，通过多参数协同监测与灵活的阈值设置，确保了室内环境的安全可控，为人们提供了健康的生活环境，同时为同类室内环境监测设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；室内空气；质量检测；多传感器；WiFi 通信；智能报警
ABSTRACT
With the continuous improvement of people’s requirements for quality of life, real-time monitoring and management of indoor air quality have become increasingly important. Traditional indoor air quality testing relies on regular inspections by professional institutions, which has problems such as long detection cycles, high costs, and inability to feedback in real-time, making it difficult to meet people’s needs for immediate control of indoor environmental safety.
The indoor air quality detector based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, MS1100 formaldehyde sensor, GP2Y10 PM2.5 sensor, SGP30 CO₂ sensor, 3 independent buttons, OLED display, sound and light alarm device, and ESP8266 WiFi module, realizing comprehensive monitoring and intelligent management of indoor environmental parameters. The core functions of the system include: real-time monitoring of temperature and humidity through DHT11, triggering sound and light alarms when the values exceed the preset thresholds; detecting formaldehyde, PM2.5, and CO₂ concentrations through MS1100, GP2Y10, and SGP30 respectively, and synchronously activating alarms when the concentrations exceed the limits; supporting on-site setting of various parameter thresholds through independent buttons, and remote setting through mobile phones; real-time display of various detection data through OLED display; transmitting data to mobile phones through WiFi module to realize remote monitoring and threshold regulation.
The implementation of this system effectively improves the real-time performance and convenience of indoor air quality detection. Through multi-parameter collaborative monitoring and flexible threshold setting, it ensures the safety and controllability of the indoor environment, provides a healthy living environment for people, and also provides a reference for the research and development of similar indoor environment monitoring equipment, with high practical application value.
Keywords: STM32F103C8T6; Indoor air; Quality detection; Multi-sensor; WiFi communication; Intelligent alarm
目录
第 1 章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 温湿度传感器选择
2.1.3 甲醛传感器选择
2.1.4 PM2.5 传感器选择
2.1.5 CO₂传感器选择
2.1.6 按键模块选择
2.1.7 显示模块选择
2.1.8 WiFi 模块选择
2.1.9 声光报警模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 温湿度传感器电路
3.3 甲醛传感器电路
3.4 PM2.5 传感器电路
3.5 CO₂传感器电路
3.6 显示模块电路
3.7 按键模块电路
3.8 WiFi 模块电路
3.9 声光报警模块电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.2 OLED显示子流程设计
4.3 ADC模数转换子流程设计
4.4 温湿度检测模块子流程设计
4.5 PM2.5检测模块子流程设计
4.6 独立按键子流程设计
4.7 SGP30模块子流程设计
4.8 WiFi模块子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 温湿度传感器功能测试
5.3 甲醛传感器功能测试
5.4 PM2.5 传感器功能测试
5.5 CO₂传感器功能测试
5.6 WiFi 模块功能测试
5.7 按键设置与显示功能测试
5.8 声光报警模块功能测试
第 6 章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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