设计说明书
总字数：20000+
摘要
随着人们对家庭园艺需求的增长，传统花盆在植物养护的精准性和便捷性上的局限日益凸显。传统花盆依赖人工判断浇水时机、光照条件等，不仅耗费精力，还易因浇水不当、环境不适导致植物生长不良，难以满足现代都市人对高效、科学养护植物的需求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能花盆，整合了 YL69 土壤湿度传感器、DS18B20 温度传感器、5516 光照检测模块、YS 雨水检测模块、3 个独立按键、OLED 显示屏、声光报警装置、浇水装置、补光设备、遮雨棚驱动机构及 ESP8266 WiFi 模块，实现了植物生长环境的自动化监测与智能调控。系统核心功能包括：通过 YL69 检测土壤湿度，低于最小值时自动启动浇水装置，高于最大值时停止浇水；借助 DS18B20 监测环境温度，超出阈值范围时触发声光报警；利用 5516 光照检测模块监测光照强度，低于最小值时启动补光设备；通过 YS 雨水检测模块判断是否下雨，若下雨且土壤湿度大于 44%，则打开遮雨棚；支持通过独立按键设置各参数阈值，手动控制浇水、补光及遮雨棚；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示各项检测数据；利用 WiFi 模块将数据传输至手机端，实现远程设置阈值及控制设备运行。该系统的实现，有效提升了植物养护的自动化与精准化水平，减少了人工干预，为植物提供了适宜的生长环境，同时为同类智能园艺设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；智能花盆；环境监测；自动调控；WiFi 通信
ABSTRACT
With the increasing demand for home gardening, the limitations of traditional flowerpots in the precision and convenience of plant care have become increasingly prominent. Traditional flowerpots rely on manual judgment of watering timing, light conditions, etc., which not only consumes energy but also easily leads to poor plant growth due to improper watering and unsuitable environment, making it difficult to meet the needs of modern urbanites for efficient and scientific plant care.
The intelligent flowerpot based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates YL69 soil moisture sensor, DS18B20 temperature sensor, 5516 light detection module, YS rain detection module, 3 independent buttons, OLED display, sound and light alarm device, watering device, supplementary lighting equipment, rain shelter driving mechanism and ESP8266 WiFi module, realizing automatic monitoring and intelligent regulation of the plant growth environment. The core functions of the system include: detecting soil moisture through YL69, automatically starting the watering device when it is below the minimum value, and stopping watering when it is above the maximum value; monitoring the ambient temperature with DS18B20, triggering an audible and visual alarm when it exceeds the threshold range; using the 5516 light detection module to monitor light intensity, and starting the supplementary lighting equipment when it is below the minimum value; judging whether it is raining through the YS rain detection module, and if it is raining and the soil moisture is greater than 44%, opening the rain shelter; supporting the setting of various parameter thresholds through independent buttons, and manually controlling watering, supplementary lighting and rain shelter; real-time display of various detection data through the OLED display; transmitting data to the mobile phone through the WiFi module to realize remote setting of thresholds and control of equipment operation.
The implementation of this system effectively improves the automation and precision of plant care, reduces manual intervention, provides a suitable growth environment for plants, and also provides a reference for the research and development of similar intelligent gardening equipment, with high practical application value.
Keywords: STM32F103C8T6; Intelligent flowerpot; Environmental monitoring; Automatic regulation; WiFi communication
目录
第 1 章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 土壤湿度传感器选择
2.1.3 温度传感器选择
2.1.4 光照检测模块选择
2.1.5 雨水检测模块选择
2.1.6 按键模块选择
2.1.7 显示模块选择
2.1.8 WiFi 模块选择
2.1.9 声光报警模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 土壤湿度传感器电路
3.3 温度传感器电路
3.4 光照检测模块电路
3.5 雨水检测模块电路
3.6 显示模块电路
3.7 WiFi 模块电路
3.8 按键模块电路
3.9 声光报警模块电路
3.10 继电器模块电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 温度检测模块子流程设计
4.6 步进电机子流程设计
4.7 WiFi模块子流程设计
4.8 ADC模数转换子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 土壤湿度传感器功能测试
5.3 温度传感器功能测试
5.4 光照检测模块功能测试
5.5 雨水检测模块功能测试
5.6 WiFi 模块功能测试
5.7 按键设置与显示功能测试
第 6 章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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