设计说明书
总字数：14000+
摘要
随着人们对生活品质要求的提升和环保意识的增强，水质的监测成为保障用水安全与生态环境的重要环节。无论是日常生活饮用水还是鱼缸养殖用水，水质的异常若不能及时监测和处理，可能会影响人们的身体健康或导致养殖生物出现问题。因此，研发一种能便捷、准确监测水质的设备十分必要。
本设计提出了一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的水质监测系统。系统主要功能包括：通过 PH4502C 模块监测当前水质的 PH 值；借助 DS18B20 水温监测模块监测当前环境的温度；通过 TSW-30 浑浊度监测模块监测当前的浑浊度；用户通过按键可以切换饮用水和鱼缸水的模式，并设置 PH、水温和浑浊度的最值。其中，饮用水正常范围设定为温度 0-20°C、PH6.5-8.5、浑浊度小于 1NTU，鱼缸水正常范围设定为温度 15-28°C、PH6.5-8.5、浑浊度小于 10NTU，当水质不在对应正常范围时进行声光报警；同时，通过 OLED 显示测试的数据。
该水质监测系统的作用在于，为人们提供了一种便捷、有效的水质监测工具。通过及时监测和报警，能够帮助人们尽早发现水质隐患，便于及时采取措施，保障用水安全，提升生活品质和养殖成功率。
关键词：单片机；水质监测系统；PH 检测；水温检测；浑浊度检测
Design and Implementation of Water Quality Monitoring System Based on Single Chip Microcomputer
Abstract
With the increasing demand for quality of life and environmental awareness, water quality monitoring has become an important link in ensuring water safety and ecological environment. Whether it is daily drinking water or fish tank aquaculture water, if the abnormal water quality is not monitored and treated in a timely manner, it may affect people’s physical health or cause problems with aquaculture organisms. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a device that can conveniently and accurately monitor water quality.
This design proposes a water quality monitoring system based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The main functions of the system include: monitoring the pH value of the current water quality through the PH4502C module; Monitor the current environmental temperature using the DS18B20 water temperature monitoring module; Monitor the current turbidity through the TSW-30 turbidity monitoring module; Users can switch between drinking water and fish tank water modes through buttons, and set the maximum values for pH, water temperature, and turbidity. Among them, the normal range for drinking water is set to a temperature of 0-20 ° C, a pH of 6.5-8.5, and a turbidity of less than 1NTU, while the normal range for fish tank water is set to a temperature of 15-28 ° C, a pH of 6.5-8.5, and a turbidity of less than 10NTU. When the water quality is not within the corresponding normal range, an audible and visual alarm will be triggered; At the same time, the test data is displayed through OLED.
The function of this water quality monitoring system is to provide people with a convenient and effective tool for water quality monitoring. By timely monitoring and alerting, it can help people detect water quality hazards as early as possible, facilitate timely measures, ensure water safety, improve quality of life, and increase the success rate of aquaculture.
Keywords：microcontroller; Water quality monitoring system; PH detection; Water temperature detection; Turbidity detection
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 PH 检测模块电路设计
3.4 水温检测模块电路设计
3.5 浑浊度检测模块电路设计
3.6 显示模块电路设计
3.7 按键模块电路设计
3.8 声光报警模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 OLED显示子流程设计
4.4 独立按键子流程设计
4.5 温度检测模块子流程设计
4.6 ADC模数转换子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 水质参数检测及显示功能测试
5.3 模式切换及参数设置功能测试
5.4 声光报警功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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