设计说明书
总字数：12000+
水库作为重要的水资源储存设施，其运行状态的实时监测对于水资源管理和防洪抗旱具有重要意义。传统的水库监测方式多依赖人工巡查，效率低且数据不及时。为了解决上述问题。设计一款智能水库监测系统十分重要。
该系统以STM32F103C8T6单片机为控制核心，通过水位监测模块实时获取水库水位信息；利用防水式DS18B20温度传感器检测水温；通过pH检测模块测量水质酸碱度；雨量检测模块用于监测降雨量；土壤湿度检测模块则可了解水的渗透情况。系统测量值通过OLED显示屏实时显示，方便现场查看。通过WiFi模块将监测数据上传至阿里云平台，并支持手机远程控制水闸模拟装置（步进电机），实现智能化管理。此外，系统还采用太阳能板充电与锂电池供电，适应野外无电源环境，确保长期稳定运行。
在实物测试中，系统各项功能运行稳定可靠。水位、水温、pH值、降雨量和土壤湿度的监测数据准确，OLED显示清晰直观。WiFi模块与阿里云平台的数据传输稳定，系统整体性能优异，能够有效满足水库监测的实际需求，具有良好的应用前景。
关键词：水库；单片机；传感器；显示屏；WiFi
Abstract
As an important water resource storage facility, real-time monitoring of the operation status of reservoirs is of great significance for water resource management, flood control, and drought resistance. Traditional reservoir monitoring methods rely heavily on manual inspections, which are inefficient and lack timely data. To address the aforementioned issues. It is very important to design an intelligent reservoir monitoring system.
The system uses STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller as the control core, and obtains real-time reservoir water level information through the water level monitoring module; Use waterproof DS18B20 temperature sensor to detect water temperature; Measure the acidity and alkalinity of water quality through a pH detection module; The rainfall detection module is used to monitor rainfall; The soil moisture detection module can understand the permeability of water. The system measurement values are displayed in real-time on an OLED screen for easy on-site viewing. Upload monitoring data to Alibaba Cloud platform through WiFi module, and support remote control of water gate simulation device (stepper motor) with mobile phone to achieve intelligent management. In addition, the system also uses solar panels for charging and lithium batteries for power supply, adapting to outdoor environments without power sources and ensuring long-term stable operation.
In physical testing, the system’s various functions run stably and reliably. The monitoring data of water level, water temperature, pH value, rainfall and soil moisture are accurate, and the OLED display is clear and intuitive. The WiFi module and Alibaba Cloud platform have stable data transmission and excellent overall system performance, which can effectively meet the practical needs of reservoir monitoring and have good application prospects.
Keywords: reservoir; singlechip; Sensors; display; WiFi
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 研究内容
2 系统总体设计
2.1 系统总体设计
2.2 主要器件选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 主控模块电路设计
3.2 水位检测模块电路设计
3.3 水温检测模块电路设计
3.4 PH检测模块电路设计
3.5 雨量检测模块电路设计
3.6 土壤湿度检测模块电路设计
3.7 充放电一体模块电路设计
3.8 显示模块电路设计
3.9 步进电机驱动模块电路设计
3.10 WiFi模块电路设计
4 系统软件设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 水温检测模块子流程图
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 步进电机子流程设计
4.6 WiFi模块子流程设计
5 实物测试
5.1 整体实物焊接图
5.2 上电实物测试图
5.3 相关参数监测实物测试
5.4 水位过高防洪实物测试
6 总结
参考文献
附录一
致谢
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