设计说明书
总字数：15000+
摘要
在食用菌规模化种植中，环境参数的精准调控是保障产量与品质的关键。温度、湿度、CO₂浓度及光照等环境因素的异常波动，易导致食用菌生长缓慢、污染率升高，给种植户带来经济损失。传统的人工监测与调控方式效率低下，难以实现实时精准管理，因此研发一种自动化的食用菌生长环境管理系统具有重要现实意义。
本设计提出一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的多功能食用菌生长管理系统。系统主要功能包括：通过DHT11 传感器检测食用菌生长环境的温湿度；借助SGP30 传感器监测 CO₂浓度，当浓度大于最大值时，继电器自动控制通风设备开启；利用5516 光照检测模块采集环境光照强度；通过D203S 人体热释电模块检测环境内是否有人活动；所有环境参数通过OLED 显示屏实时展示；用户可通过按键设置 CO₂浓度最大值；通过ESP8266-WiFi 模块将数据上传至手机，实现手机端远程设置 CO₂阈值与控制通风开关。
该系统的作用在于，为食用菌种植提供了智能化的环境管理方案。通过实时监测与自动调控，精准维持适宜的生长环境，减少人工干预，提高种植效率与食用菌品质，为规模化种植提供有力技术支持。
关键词：STM32；食用菌；环境监测；自动调控；WiFi 远程控制
Multi functional edible mushroom growth management system
Abstract
In the large-scale cultivation of edible mushrooms, precise control of environmental parameters is the key to ensuring yield and quality. Abnormal fluctuations in environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, CO ₂ concentration, and light can easily lead to slow growth of edible fungi, increased pollution rates, and economic losses to growers. The traditional manual monitoring and regulation methods are inefficient and difficult to achieve real-time and accurate management. Therefore, developing an automated edible mushroom growth environment management system is of great practical significance.
This design proposes a multifunctional edible mushroom growth management system based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The main functions of the system include: detecting the temperature and humidity of the edible mushroom growth environment through DHT11 sensors; Using SGP30 sensor to monitor CO ₂ concentration, when the concentration exceeds the maximum value, the relay automatically controls the ventilation equipment to turn on; Collect ambient light intensity using the 5516 light detection module; Detect whether there is human activity in the environment through the D203S human thermoelectric module; All environmental parameters are displayed in real-time on an OLED screen; Users can set the maximum concentration of CO ₂ by pressing the button; Upload data to the mobile phone through the ESP8266 WiFi module to achieve remote setting of CO ₂ threshold and control of ventilation switch on the mobile phone.
The function of this system is to provide intelligent environmental management solutions for edible mushroom cultivation. By real-time monitoring and automatic regulation, we can accurately maintain a suitable growth environment, reduce manual intervention, improve planting efficiency and edible mushroom quality, and provide strong technical support for large-scale planting.
Keywords：STM32; Edible mushrooms; Environmental monitoring; Automatic regulation; WiFi remote control
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 温湿度检测模块电路设计
3.4 CO₂浓度检测模块电路设计
3.5 光照检测模块电路设计
3.6 人体检测模块电路设计
3.7 显示模块电路设计
3.8 按键模块电路设计
3.9 继电器控制模块电路设计
3.10 WiFi 通信模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 温湿度检测模块子流程设计
4.5 SGP30模块子流程设计
4.6 OLED显示子流程设计
4.7 WiFi模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 温湿度检测功能测试
5.3 CO₂浓度检测与通风控制功能测试
5.4 光照检测功能测试
5.5 人体检测功能测试
5.6 WiFi 远程通信功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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