设计说明书
总字数：15000+
摘要
随着极端天气频发，小区车库涝灾风险显著增加，严重威胁车辆安全与居民财产。传统车库防涝多依赖人工巡查和手动操作挡杆、水泵，存在响应滞后、预警不及时等问题，难以应对突发暴雨引发的积水险情。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的小区车库防涝系统，整合了 YW-J 液位传感器、3 个独立按键、OLED 显示屏、ESP8266 联网模块及执行设备（抽水泵、挡杆电机），实现了车库积水的自动化监测与智能防涝控制。系统核心功能包括：通过三个 YW-J 液位传感器实时检测水位，当水位高于预设最大值时，自动启动抽水泵排水，直至水位低于最大值后停止；同时，水位超限时自动放下挡杆禁止车辆进入，水位回落至安全范围后自动抬升挡杆允许通行；支持通过独立按键设置液位阈值，以及手动控制抽水泵启停和挡杆升降；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示当前水位、设备状态及阈值参数；借助 ESP8266 模块将数据上传至手机端，实现远程查看监测信息及控制挡杆、水泵运行。
该系统的实现，有效提升了小区车库防涝的响应速度与自动化水平，减少了人工干预的失误风险，为车库安全提供了可靠保障，同时为同类安防与防汛设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；小区车库；防涝系统；液位传感器；智能控制；ESP8266
ABSTRACT
With the frequent occurrence of extreme weather, the risk of flooding in community garages has significantly increased, posing a serious threat to vehicle safety and residents’ property. Traditional garage flood prevention mostly relies on manual inspections and manual operation of barriers and water pumps, which has problems such as delayed response and untimely early warning, making it difficult to deal with water accumulation risks caused by sudden heavy rains.
The community garage flood prevention system based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates YW-J liquid level sensors, 3 independent buttons, an OLED display, an ESP8266 networking module, and executive devices (water pumps, barrier motors) to realize automatic monitoring of garage water accumulation and intelligent flood prevention control. The core functions of the system include: real-time water level detection through three YW-J liquid level sensors; when the water level is higher than the preset maximum value, the water pump is automatically started to drain water until the water level is lower than the maximum value and then stops; at the same time, when the water level exceeds the limit, the barrier is automatically lowered to prohibit vehicles from entering the garage, and when the water level falls back to the safe range, the barrier is automatically raised to allow passage; it supports setting liquid level thresholds through independent buttons, as well as manually controlling the start and stop of the water pump and the lifting of the barrier; real-time display of current water level, equipment status and threshold parameters through the OLED display; uploading data to the mobile phone through the ESP8266 module to realize remote viewing of monitoring information and controlling the operation of the barrier and water pump.
The implementation of this system effectively improves the response speed and automation level of community garage flood prevention, reduces the risk of errors caused by manual intervention, provides a reliable guarantee for garage safety, and also provides a reference for the research and development of similar security and flood control equipment, with high practical application value.
Keywords: STM32F103C8T6; Community garage; Flood prevention system; Liquid level sensor; Intelligent control; ESP8266
目录
第 1 章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 液位传感器选择
2.1.3 按键模块选择
2.1.4 显示模块选择
2.1.5 联网模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 液位传感器电路
3.3 按键模块电路
3.4 显示模块电路
3.5 联网模块电路
3.6 执行设备驱动电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 LCD1602显示模块子流程设计
4.4 独立按键子流程设计
4.5 ADC模数转换子流程设计
4.6 舵机子流程设计
4.7 WiFi模块子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 液位传感器功能测试
5.3 按键与显示功能测试
5.4 联网模块功能测试
5.5 执行设备功能测试
第 6 章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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