设计说明书
总字数：17000+
摘要
在现代生活中，久坐办公、学习已成为普遍现象，不良坐姿和久坐带来的健康问题日益凸显，如腰椎颈椎劳损、血液循环不畅等。同时，环境温湿度不适、光照条件不佳也会影响久坐时的舒适度与健康状态。因此，研发一种能实时监测坐姿、久坐时间及环境参数，并提供及时提醒与调节功能的智能坐垫十分必要。
本设计提出了一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能坐垫。系统主要功能包括：通过两个 FSR402 薄膜压力传感器监测坐姿，若某一侧未检测到压力，CN-TTS 语音模块提醒 “坐姿异常，请坐好”；借助两个 BZ 红外避障传感器检测腿部状态，某一侧未检测到时语音提醒 “放下腿，请坐好”；通过 FSR402 传感器检测有人入座后开始计时，超过设定最长时间时语音提醒 “请劳逸结合，注意起身运动”；利用 DHT11 检测温湿度，温度异常时控制加热或散热，湿度超最大值时启动风干；通过 5516 光照模块监测光照，过强或过弱时进行语音提醒；用户可通过按键设置各阈值、坐下时长及手动控制加热、散热、风干；OLED 显示屏实时显示测量数据；WiFi 模块将温湿度、坐下时长、光照发送至手机端，手机端可通过继电器远程控制加热、散热、风干及设置阈值。
该智能坐垫的作用在于，通过多维度监测与智能提醒，帮助用户培养良好坐姿习惯，避免久坐危害，同时根据环境参数自动调节舒适度。为用户提供了便捷、有效的健康坐姿与舒适环境管理工具，助力提升久坐时的健康状态与生活质量。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；智能坐垫；坐姿监测；环境调节
Intelligent seat cushion design
Abstract
n modern life, prolonged sitting for work and study has become a common phenomenon, and the health problems caused by poor sitting posture and prolonged sitting are becoming increasingly prominent, such as lumbar and cervical strain, poor blood circulation, etc. Meanwhile, inadequate environmental temperature and humidity, as well as poor lighting conditions, can also affect the comfort and health status during prolonged sitting. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an intelligent seat cushion that can monitor sitting posture, sitting time, and environmental parameters in real time, and provide timely reminders and adjustment functions.
This design proposes an intelligent seat cushion based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The main functions of the system include: monitoring sitting posture through two FSR402 thin film pressure sensors. If no pressure is detected on one side, the CN-TTS voice module will remind “abnormal sitting posture, please sit well”; Using two BZ infrared obstacle avoidance sensors to detect the status of the legs, if one side is not detected, a voice prompt will be given saying “Put down your legs, please sit down”; The FSR402 sensor detects that someone has taken a seat and starts timing. When the set maximum time is exceeded, a voice reminder will be given saying “Please balance work and rest, and pay attention to getting up and exercising”; Use DHT11 to detect temperature and humidity, control heating or cooling when temperature is abnormal, and start air drying when humidity exceeds the maximum value; Monitor the lighting through the 5516 lighting module and provide voice reminders when it is too strong or too weak; Users can set various thresholds, sitting time, and manually control heating, cooling, and air drying through buttons; Real time display of measurement data on OLED display screen; The WiFi module sends temperature and humidity, sitting time, and lighting to the mobile phone, which can remotely control heating, cooling, air drying, and set thresholds through relays.
The function of this smart seat cushion is to help users cultivate good sitting habits, avoid the hazards of prolonged sitting, and automatically adjust comfort levels based on environmental parameters through multi-dimensional monitoring and intelligent reminders. Providing users with convenient and effective tools for managing healthy sitting posture and comfortable environment, helping to improve their health status and quality of life during prolonged sitting.
Keywords：STM32F103C8T6; Intelligent seat cushion; Sitting posture monitoring; Environmental regulation
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 坐姿与腿部检测模块电路设计
3.4 温湿度检测模块电路设计
3.5 光照检测模块电路设计
3.6 显示模块电路设计
3.7 按键模块电路设计
3.8 语音提醒与继电器控制模块电路设计
3.9 WiFi 模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 WiFi模块子流程设计
4.6 温湿度检测模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 坐姿与腿部状态监测功能测试
5.3 久坐提醒功能测试
5.4 温湿度调节与光照提醒功能测试
5.5 按键交互与数据显示功能测试
5.6 WiFi 远程控制功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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