设计说明书
总字数：18000+
摘要
随着工业生产与日常生活中对环境安全重视程度的提升，实时监测环境中的温湿度、有害气体及烟雾浓度，对保障人员健康与生产安全具有重要意义。传统的环境监测方式多为单一参数检测，且预警滞后，难以全面、及时地反映环境状况，无法满足复杂场景下的安全监测需求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的气体仪表检测仪，整合了 DHT11 温湿度传感器、MQ-135 有害气体传感器、MQ-2 烟雾传感器、人体热释电传感器、OLED 显示模块、按键及语音识别模块，实现了环境参数的综合监测与智能预警。系统核心功能包括：通过 DHT11 监测环境温湿度，当温湿度超过预设最大值时，启动风扇并进行声光报警；借助 MQ-135 和 MQ-2 分别检测有害气体浓度与烟雾浓度，超标时同样启动风扇及声光报警；通过人体热释电传感器检测环境是否有人，有人时显示屏显示相关数据，语音播报当前环境参数；OLED 显示模块实时展示各项监测数据；按键可用于设置温湿度、有害气体及烟雾浓度的最大值；语音识别模块能播报当前具体监测的参数。
该系统的实现，有效提升了环境监测的全面性与及时性，通过多参数协同监测与快速预警，为环境安全管理提供了可靠保障，同时为同类监测设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；气体仪表检测仪；多参数监测；智能预警；语音识别；按键设置
ABSTRACT
With the increasing emphasis on environmental safety in industrial production and daily life, real-time monitoring of temperature, humidity, harmful gas and smoke concentrations in the environment is of great significance for ensuring personnel health and production safety. Traditional environmental monitoring methods mostly focus on single-parameter detection with delayed early warning, which makes it difficult to comprehensively and timely reflect environmental conditions and cannot meet the safety monitoring needs in complex scenarios.
The gas meter detector based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, MQ-135 harmful gas sensor, MQ-2 smoke sensor, human body pyroelectric sensor, OLED display module, buttons and voice recognition module, realizing comprehensive monitoring and intelligent early warning of environmental parameters. The core functions of the system include: monitoring environmental temperature and humidity through DHT11, and starting the fan and giving sound and light alarm when the temperature and humidity exceed the preset maximum values; detecting harmful gas concentration and smoke concentration respectively by MQ-135 and MQ-2, and starting the fan and giving sound and light alarm when the concentrations exceed the standards; detecting whether there are people in the environment through the human body pyroelectric sensor, and when there are people, the display shows relevant data and the voice broadcasts the current environmental parameters; the OLED display module shows all monitoring data in real time; buttons can be used to set the maximum values of temperature, humidity, harmful gas and smoke concentration; the voice recognition module can broadcast the current specific monitored parameters.
The implementation of this system effectively improves the comprehensiveness and timeliness of environmental monitoring. Through multi-parameter collaborative monitoring and rapid early warning, it provides a reliable guarantee for environmental safety management, and also provides a reference for the research and development of similar monitoring equipment, with high practical application value.
Keywords:STM32F103C8T6; gas meter detector; multi-parameter monitoring; intelligent early warning; voice recognition; button setting
目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.2.1 国外研究现状
1.2.2 国内研究现状
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 温湿度检测模块选择
2.1.3 有害气体检测模块选择
2.1.4 烟雾检测模块选择
2.1.5 人体检测模块选择
2.1.6 语音模块选择
2.1.7 显示模块选择
2.1.8 报警模块选择
2.1.9 执行模块选择
2.1.10 按键模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 温湿度检测模块电路
3.3 有害气体检测模块电路
3.4 烟雾检测模块电路
3.5 人体检测模块电路
3.6 语音模块电路
3.7 显示模块电路
3.8 报警模块电路
3.9 执行模块电路
3.10 按键模块电路
3.6 语音播报 TTS 模块电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 温湿度检测模块子流程设计
4.6 语音播报模块子流程设计
4.7 ADC模数转换子流程设计
4.8 语言识别模块子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 温湿度检测与报警联动功能测试
5.3 有害气体检测与报警联动功能测试
5.4 烟雾检测与报警联动功能测试
5.5 人体感应与语音播报联动功能测试
5.6 按键设置功能测试
5.7 显示模块功能测试
第6章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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