设计说明书
总字数：20000+
摘要
随着交通运输行业的蓬勃发展，驾驶员的健康状态与驾驶安全息息相关，实时监测驾驶员的身体状况及驾驶行为成为保障道路安全的关键。传统的驾驶员状态管理依赖人工观察与事后追溯，存在监测不及时、预警滞后等问题，难以有效预防因驾驶员健康问题或违规行为引发的交通事故。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的驾驶员健康监测系统，整合薄膜式压力传感器 FSR402、红外对射管、MQ-3 酒精传感器、MLX90614 体温传感器、心率传感器 MAX30102、速度检测模块霍尔传感器 KY-003、语音播报模块 TTS、4G 模块 AIR780、GPS + 北斗二合一模块、OLED 显示模块及按键，实现了对驾驶员健康状态与驾驶行为的智能化监测与预警。系统核心功能包括：通过 FSR402 检测座位是否有人，有人时借助红外对射管检测是否系安全带，未系则每 10s 通过 TTS 模块提醒 “请系好安全带”，监测到人在时间超过最大值时提醒 “请勿疲劳驾驶” 并发送短信；利用 MQ-3 检测酒精值，超标时 TTS 模块提醒 “酒精浓度过高，禁止驾车”，并通过 4G 模块将酒精值及 GPS 定位发送至手机端；通过 MLX90614 检测体温，超标时 TTS 模块提醒 “体温过高，请停车休息”，同时经 4G 模块发送体温及 GPS 定位；借助 MAX30102 检测心率，超标时 TTS 模块提醒 “心率过高，请停车休息”，并通过 4G 模块发送心率及 GPS 定位；通过霍尔传感器 KY-003 检测车速，超标时 TTS 模块提醒，且通过 MX1508 驱动车轮；按键可设置各参数阈值；OLED 显示模块实时展示测量数据；GPS + 北斗二合一模块检测当前经纬度。
该系统的实现，有效提升了驾驶员健康与驾驶行为监测的实时性和精准性，通过多维度参数协同监测与智能预警，为驾驶安全提供了有力保障，降低了交通事故发生率，同时为智能驾驶辅助设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：驾驶员健康；健康监测系统；智能预警；4G 远程传输；阈值设置
ABSTRACT
With the vigorous development of the transportation industry, the health status of drivers is closely related to driving safety. Real-time monitoring of drivers’ physical conditions and driving behaviors has become the key to ensuring road safety. Traditional driver status management relies on manual observation and post-event tracing, which has problems such as untimely monitoring and delayed early warning, making it difficult to effectively prevent traffic accidents caused by drivers’ health problems or violations.
The driver health monitoring system based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller (project number: mcuclub-dz-992) integrates film pressure sensor FSR402, infrared correlation tube, MQ-3 alcohol sensor, MLX90614 temperature sensor, heart rate sensor MAX30102, speed detection module Hall sensor KY-003, voice broadcast module TTS, 4G module AIR780, GPS + Beidou dual-mode module, OLED display module and buttons, realizing intelligent monitoring and early warning of drivers’ health status and driving behaviors. The core functions of the system include: detecting whether there is someone in the seat through FSR402; when there is someone, using the infrared correlation tube to detect whether the seat belt is fastened; if not fastened, the TTS module will remind “Please fasten your seat belt” every 10s; when the detected time of someone being in the seat exceeds the set maximum value, it will remind “Do not drive fatigued” and send a short message; using MQ-3 to detect the alcohol value; when the alcohol value exceeds the set maximum value, the TTS module will remind “Alcohol concentration is too high, driving is prohibited”, and send the alcohol value and GPS positioning to the mobile phone through the 4G module; detecting body temperature through MLX90614; when the body temperature exceeds the set maximum value, the TTS module will remind “Body temperature is too high, please stop and rest”, and send the body temperature and GPS positioning through the 4G module at the same time; detecting heart rate with MAX30102; when the heart rate exceeds the set maximum value, the TTS module will remind “Heart rate is too high, please stop and rest”, and send the heart rate and GPS positioning through the 4G module; detecting the current vehicle speed through Hall sensor KY-003; when the vehicle speed exceeds the maximum value, the TTS module will remind, and drive the wheels through MX1508; buttons can set various threshold values; the OLED display module displays the measured data in real time; the GPS + Beidou dual-mode module detects the current longitude and latitude.
The implementation of this system has effectively improved the real-time performance and accuracy of driver health and driving behavior monitoring. Through multi-dimensional parameter collaborative monitoring and intelligent early warning, it provides a strong guarantee for driving safety, reduces the incidence of traffic accidents, and provides a reference for the research and development of intelligent driving assistance equipment, which has high practical application value.
Keywords:Driver health; Health monitoring system; Intelligent early warning; 4G remote transmission; Threshold setting
目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1 主控芯片选择
2.2 压力检测模块选择
2.3 安全带检测模块选择
2.4 酒精检测模块选择
2.5 体温检测模块选择
2.6 心率检测模块选择
2.7 速度检测模块选择
2.8 语音模块选择
2.9 无线通信模块选择
2.10 定位模块选择
2.11 显示模块选择
2.12 按键模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 压力与安全带检测模块电路
3.3 酒精检测模块电路
3.4 体温检测模块电路
3.5 心率检测模块电路
3.6 速度检测模块电路
3.7 显示模块电路
3.8 4G 通信模块电路
3.9 按键模块电路
3.10 GPS+北斗定位模块电路
3.11 MX1508 车轮驱动模块电路
3.12 TTS 语音播报模块电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.2 OLED显示子流程设计
4.3 心率血氧模块子流程设计
4.4 红外测温模块子流程设计
4.5 直流电机速度调节子流程设计
4.6 独立按键子流程设计
4.7 语音播报模块子流程设计
4.8 速度检测子流程设计
4.9 发送短信子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 压力检测与安全带提醒功能测试
5.3 酒精检测与预警功能测试
5.4 体温检测与预警功能测试
5.5 心率检测与预警功能测试
5.6 速度检测与提醒及驱动功能测试
5.7 按键设置与显示功能测试
5.8 定位与 4G 通信功能测试
第6章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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