设计说明书
总字数：17000+
摘要
随着城市建设的快速推进，户外广告牌匾作为城市景观的一部分，其安全状况直接关系到公共安全。传统的户外广告牌匾安全管理主要依靠定期人工巡检，存在监测间隔长、隐患发现不及时、预警滞后等问题，难以有效预防因广告牌匾倾斜、移动、震动等引发的安全事故。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的户外广告牌匾安全监测系统，整合了 DHT11 温湿度传感器、BMP1820 气压传感器、MPU6050 倾斜角度传感器、红外检测模块、震动检测模块、显示屏、4G 模块 AIR780 及按键，实现了对户外广告牌匾安全状态的智能化监测与预警。系统核心功能包括：通过 DHT11 检测周围环境的温湿度，为分析广告牌匾受环境影响提供数据；借助 BMP1820 检测当前大气压，辅助判断环境变化对广告牌匾的影响；利用 MPU6050 检测广告牌匾的倾斜角度，当倾斜角度超过设定阈值时进行声光报警；通过红外检测模块监测广告牌匾是否移动，未触发检测时（代表移动）进行声光报警；依靠震动检测模块检测广告牌匾是否发生震动，发生震动且超过阈值时进行声光报警；通过显示屏实时显示各项监测数据；利用 4G 模块 AIR780 将监测数据传输到手机端，方便管理人员远程查看。
该户外广告牌匾安全监测系统的实现，有效提升了广告牌匾安全监测的实时性和全面性，通过多维度参数监测与及时预警，为公共安全提供了有力保障，降低了安全事故发生率，同时为同类户外设施安全监测设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：户外广告牌匾；安全监测系统；多参数监测；声光报警；4G 传输；AIR780
ABSTRACT
With the rapid advancement of urban construction, outdoor billboards, as part of the urban landscape, their safety status is directly related to public safety. The traditional safety management of outdoor billboards mainly relies on regular manual inspections, which has problems such as long monitoring intervals, delayed detection of hidden dangers, and lagging early warnings. It is difficult to effectively prevent safety accidents caused by the inclination, movement, vibration, etc. of billboards.
The outdoor billboard safety monitoring system based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, BMP1820 air pressure sensor, MPU6050 tilt angle sensor, infrared detection module, vibration detection module, display screen, 4G module AIR780 and buttons, realizing intelligent monitoring and early warning of the safety status of outdoor billboards. The core functions of the system include: detecting the temperature and humidity of the surrounding environment through DHT11 to provide data for analyzing the impact of the environment on the billboard; detecting the current atmospheric pressure with the help of BMP1820 to assist in judging the impact of environmental changes on the billboard; using MPU6050 to detect the tilt angle of the billboard, and giving an audible and visual alarm when the tilt angle exceeds the set threshold; monitoring whether the billboard moves through the infrared detection module, and giving an audible and visual alarm when the detection is not triggered (representing movement); relying on the vibration detection module to detect whether the billboard vibrates, and giving an audible and visual alarm when the vibration exceeds the threshold; displaying various monitoring data in real time through the display screen; transmitting the monitoring data to the mobile phone through the 4G module AIR780, which is convenient for managers to check remotely.
The realization of this outdoor billboard safety monitoring system has effectively improved the real-time and comprehensiveness of billboard safety monitoring. Through multi-dimensional parameter monitoring and timely early warning, it provides a strong guarantee for public safety, reduces the incidence of safety accidents, and at the same time provides a reference for the research and development of similar outdoor facility safety monitoring equipment, which has high practical application value.
Keywords:outdoor billboard; safety monitoring system; multi-parameter monitoring; sound and light alarm; 4G transmission; AIR780
目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 温湿度传感器选择
2.1.3 气压传感器选择
2.1.4 倾斜角度传感器选择
2.1.5 移动检测模块选择
2.1.6 震动检测模块选择
2.1.7 显示模块选择
2.1.8 4G 模块选择
2.1.9 声光报警模块选择
2.1.10 按键模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 温湿度检测模块电路
3.3 气压检测模块电路
3.4 倾斜角度检测模块电路
3.5 移动检测模块电路
3.6 震动检测模块电路
3.7 显示模块电路
3.8 4G 通信模块电路
3.9 声光报警模块电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 OLED显示子流程设计
4.4 独立按键子流程设计
4.5 温湿度检测模块子流程设计
4.6 MPU6050模块子流程设计
4.7 大气压检测模块子流程设计
4.8 ADC模数转换子流程设计
4.9 4G模块联网子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 温湿度与气压检测功能测试
5.3 倾斜角度检测与报警功能测试
5.4 移动检测与报警功能测试
5.5 震动检测与报警功能测试
5.6 显示与 4G 传输功能测试
第6章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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