设计说明书
总字数：20000+
目 录
摘 要
Abstract
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 课题研究内容
2 系统设计
2.1 系统架构
2.2 功能模块选型
2.2.1 主控芯片方案选择
2.2.2 红外避障模块方案选型
2.2.3 光电检测模块方案选型
2.2.4 液位检测模块方案选型
2.2.5 有害气体检测模块方案选型
2.2.6 温湿度检测模块方案选型
2.2.7 舵机模块方案选型
2.2.8 WiFi通信模块方案选型
2.2.9 摄像头模块方案选型
2.2.10 显示模块方案选型
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 单片机最小系统
3.2 液位检测模块
3.3 有害气体检测模块
3.4 温湿度检测模块
3.5 舵机模块
3.6 红外避障模块
3.7 光电检测模块
3.8 OLED显示模块
3.9 WiFi模块
3.10 摄像头模块
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 温湿度检测模块子流程
4.6 液位检测模块子流程
4.7 有害气体检测模块子流程
4.8 红外避障模块子流程
4.9 光电模块子流程
4.10 舵机子流程设计
4.11 WiFi模块子流程设计
4.12 ADC模数转换子流程设计
5 实物测试
5.1 实物调试部分
5.2 整体实物测试
6 总结
参考文献
致 谢
附录1：测试实物图
附录2：原理图
附录3：PCB板
附录4：程序
随着私家车数量增加，家庭车库智能化管理需求上升。传统模式在车位监测、环境安全、远程控制等方面不足，无法满足现代家庭对车库管理的高效、安全、便捷需求。因此，本文提出一种基于单片机的智能家用车库控制系统，通过集成多种传感器和控制模块，实现车位监测、环境感知、安全预警及远程控制等功能，提供家庭车库管理的全面解决方案。
该系统核心功能包括实时监测车位状态，使用红外传感器和红灯显示占用情况；光电传感器配合舵机控制模拟闸门开关，自动化管理车辆进出；液位传感器监测水位变化，超阈值时声光报警预警积水风险；MQ-135传感器监测空气质量，有害气体超标时声光报警并强制排风；DHT11传感器采集温湿度数据；OLED显示屏展示关键信息，WiFi模块上传数据至手机APP，实现远程监控和管理。
本设计利用传感器、单片机、执行器和通信模块实现车库的全面智能化管理，包括车位管理、环境监测、安全预警和远程控制。系统提高了车库管理效率，减少了人工需求，并增强了车库安全和舒适性，为家庭车库智能化升级提供了解决方案。远程控制和数据上传功能让用户实时了解车库状态，及时处理异常，确保车辆和人员安全，为智能家居生态建设打下基础。
关键词：家庭车库；实时监测；单片机；传感器
论文类型：工程设计
As the number of private cars increases, the demand for intelligent management of family garages is on the rise. Traditional methods fall short in aspects such as parking space monitoring, environmental safety, and remote control, failing to meet modern families’ needs for efficient, safe, and convenient garage management. Therefore, this paper proposes an intelligent home garage control system based on a microcontroller. By integrating various sensors and control modules, it achieves functions such as parking space monitoring, environmental perception, safety alerts, and remote control, providing a comprehensive solution for family garage management.
The core functions of the system include real-time monitoring of parking space status, using infrared sensors and red lights to indicate occupancy; photoelectric sensors work with servo motors to control the simulated gate opening and closing, automating vehicle entry and exit management; liquid level sensors monitor water levels, issuing audio-visual alarms when thresholds are exceeded to warn of potential flooding; MQ-135 sensors monitor air quality, triggering audio-visual alarms and forced ventilation if harmful gas levels exceed standards; DHT11 sensors collect temperature and humidity data; OLED displays show key information, and the WiFi module uploads data to a mobile APP for remote monitoring and management.
This design utilizes sensors, microcontrollers, actuators, and communication modules to achieve comprehensive intelligent management of the garage, including parking space management, environmental monitoring, safety alerts, and remote control. The system enhances the efficiency of garage management, reduces labor requirements, and improves both the safety and comfort of the garage, providing a solution for the intelligent upgrade of home garages. Remote control and data upload functions allow users to monitor the garage status in real-time, promptly address any anomalies, ensure the safety of vehicles and personnel, and lay the foundation for the development of smart home ecosystems.
Keywords：Family garage; real-time monitoring; microcontroller; sensor
Paper Type: Engineering Design
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