设计说明书
总字数：22000+
随着科技的进步与健康意识的增强，环境自适应视力检测系统设计逐渐成为研究热点。本文阐述了一种基于STM32F103C8T6单片机的环境自适应视力检测系统，该系统集成多个功能模块，为用户提供了智能化、个性化的视力检测体验。
该系统利用超声波传感器实现距离的动态调整，根据检测场景，用户可通过按键或APP设定个性化的距离阈值，确保测试的精准性。光敏传感器则负责监测环境光线，自动调节补光强度，确保测试环境的光线适宜。语音播报模块在测试过程中提供各类提示与结果播报，增强了用户的交互体验。语音识别功能允许用户通过语音指令选择“上、下、左、右”方向，进一步提升了测试的便捷性。温湿度与空气质量传感器用于实时监测检测环境的温湿度与空气质量，通过补偿算法减少因环境变化导致的测量误差，如镜片雾化对成像的影响，并在环境光变化超过设定阈值时暂停测试并播报环境异常，避免误判。显示屏则用于实时展示测试结果，Wi-Fi模块则将检测数据上传至云端，为用户生成长期的视力健康报告。
整体而言，该系统集智能化、个性化、高精度、高安全性于一体，为用户提供了全方位的视力检测服务，不仅满足了日常视力检测的需求，还充分考虑了环境因素的干扰，通过自适应调节确保检测结果的准确性，为人们的视力健康保驾护航。
关键词 视力检测；单片机；超声波测距；光敏传感调光；语音识别；数据云端同步
With the advancement of technology and the strengthening of health awareness, the design of environmental adaptive vision detection systems has gradually become a research hotspot. This article describes an environment adaptive vision testing system based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The system integrates multiple functional modules, providing users with an intelligent and personalized vision testing experience.
The system utilizes ultrasonic sensors to dynamically adjust the distance. Based on the detection scenario, users can set personalized distance thresholds through buttons or an app to ensure the accuracy of the test. The photosensitive sensor is responsible for monitoring the ambient light, automatically adjusting the supplementary light intensity, and ensuring that the light in the testing environment is appropriate. The voice broadcast module provides various prompts and result broadcasts during the testing process, enhancing the user’s interactive experience. The voice recognition function allows users to select the “up, down, left, right” direction through voice commands, further enhancing the convenience of testing. Temperature, humidity, and air quality sensors are used to monitor and detect the temperature, humidity, and air quality of the environment in real time. They reduce measurement errors caused by environmental changes through compensation algorithms, such as the impact of lens fogging on imaging. When the ambient light changes beyond a set threshold, testing is paused and environmental abnormalities are reported to avoid misjudgment. The display screen is used to display test results in real-time, while the Wi Fi module uploads the test data to the cloud to generate long-term visual health reports for users.
Overall, the system integrates intelligence, personalization, high precision, and high security, providing users with comprehensive vision testing services. It not only meets the needs of daily vision testing, but also fully considers the interference of environmental factors. Through adaptive adjustment, it ensures the accuracy of test results and safeguards people’s vision health.
Keywords：Visual acuity testing; singlechip; Ultrasonic ranging; Light sensitive sensor dimming; Speech recognition; Data cloud synchronization
目录
摘 要
Abstract
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及研究意义
1.1.1 研究背景
1.1.2 研究意义
1.2 国内外发展现状
1.2.1 国内研究现状
1.2.2 国外研究现状
1.3 总体设计方案
1.4 本章小结
2 系统的整体结构设计
2.1 控制系统结构
2.2 设计主要内容
2.3 本章小结
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 单片机介绍及选型
3.1.1 单片机的介绍
3.1.2 单片机的运行过程
3.1.3 单片机的选型
3.2 视力检测系统电子元器件介绍
3.2.1 超声波测距-HC-R04
3.2.2 光照监测5516
3.2.3 温湿度-DHT11
3.2.4 VOC-SGP30
3.2.5 语音识别SU-03T
3.2.6 按键-独立按键
3.2.7 显示-OLED
3.2.8 补光灯模块-LED灯
3.2.9 语音播报模块CN-TTS
3.2.10 视力表模拟模块-LED灯
3.2.11 无线通信模块
3.3 本章小结
4 系统软件设计
4.1 编程软件的介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3超声波检测模块子流程设计
4.4温湿度检测模块子流程设计
4.5语言识别模块子流程设计
4.6 语音播报模块子流程设计
4.7 本章小结
5 系统调试与测试
5.1 硬件调试
5.2 软件调试
5.3 实物功能测试
5.3.1 超声波测距模块实物测试
5.3.2 光照测控实物测试
5.3.3 语音播报实物测试
5.3.4 语音识别实物测试
5.3.5 数据同步云端实物测试
结 论
参考文献
谢 辞
附 录A
附 录B
附 录C
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