设计说明书
总字数：17000+
摘要
在道路交通领域，酒驾是引发交通事故的重要原因之一，对驾驶员及他人生命安全构成严重威胁。传统的酒驾检测依赖人工检查，存在效率低、主观性强、难以实时干预等问题，无法满足现代交通管理对安全性、及时性的需求。
基于 STC89C52 单片机的驾驶员酒驾检测与控制系统，整合了红外避障管、DS1302 时钟模块、MQ-3 酒精传感器、按键、LCD1602 显示屏及 ECB02 蓝牙模块，实现了驾驶位人员检测、酒精浓度监测、自动干预及远程控制等功能。系统核心功能包括：通过红外避障管检测驾驶位是否有人；借助 DS1302 时钟模块获取当前时间，支持按键修正时间；通过按键设置酒精含量上限值（20-80mg/100ml 为饮酒范围，80mg/100ml 为醉酒范围）；利用 MQ-3 检测酒精值，当检测到主驾驶有人且酒精含量高于设置值时，自动使车辆减速至停止，此时手机端无法控制运行，且饮酒与醉酒状态下声光报警频率不同；LCD1602 显示屏实时显示当前时间、酒精含量；通过蓝牙模块实现手机端对小车的正常运行控制。
该系统的实现，有效提升了酒驾检测与干预的自动化、智能化水平，通过实时监测、自动干预、分级报警及蓝牙控制，为酒驾防控提供了便捷、高效的解决方案，同时为交通安全设备智能化领域的发展提供了参考，具有较高的实用价值与推广意义。
关键词：STC89C52；驾驶员酒驾检测与控制系统；传感器监测；蓝牙控制
ABSTRACT
In the field of road traffic, drunk driving is one of the important causes of traffic accidents, posing a serious threat to the lives and safety of drivers and others. Traditional drunk driving detection relies on manual inspection, which has problems such as low efficiency, strong subjectivity, and difficulty in real-time intervention, and cannot meet the requirements of modern traffic management for safety and timeliness.
The driver drunk driving detection and control system based on STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer integrates infrared obstacle avoidance tubes, DS1302 clock module, MQ-3 alcohol sensor, buttons, LCD1602 display screen and ECB02 Bluetooth module to realize functions such as driving seat occupancy detection, alcohol concentration monitoring, automatic intervention and remote control. The core functions of the system include: detecting whether there is a person in the driver’s seat through an infrared obstacle avoidance tube; obtaining the current time with the help of the DS1302 clock module, which supports time correction through buttons; setting the upper limit of alcohol content through buttons (20-80mg/100ml is the drinking range, 80mg/100ml is the drunk range); using MQ-3 to detect alcohol value. When it is detected that there is a person in the main driver’s seat and the alcohol content is higher than the set value, the vehicle will automatically decelerate to a stop. At this time, the mobile phone cannot control the operation, and the sound and light alarm frequency is different in the drinking and drunk states; the LCD1602 display screen displays the current time and alcohol content in real time; the normal operation of the car can be controlled through the mobile phone terminal via the Bluetooth module.
The implementation of this system has effectively improved the automation and intelligence level of drunk driving detection and intervention. Through real-time monitoring, automatic intervention, graded alarm and Bluetooth control, it provides a convenient and efficient solution for drunk driving prevention and control. At the same time, it provides a reference for the development of the intelligent field of traffic safety equipment, and has high practical value and promotion significance.
Keywords:STC89C52; Driver Drunk Driving Detection and Control System; Sensor Monitoring; Bluetooth Control
目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.2.1 国外研究现状
1.2.2 国内研究现状
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 红外避障管选择
2.1.3 时钟模块选择
2.1.4 酒精传感器选择
2.1.5 显示模块选择
2.1.6 蓝牙模块选择
2.1.7 按键模块选择
2.1.8 声光报警模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 红外检测电路
3.3 时钟模块电路
3.4 酒精检测电路
3.5 显示模块电路
3.6 蓝牙通信模块电路
3.7 按键模块电路
3.8 声光报警电路
3.9 电机控制电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 LCD1602显示模块子流程设计
4.4 独立按键子流程设计
4.5 时钟模块子流程设计
4.6 ADC模数转换子流程设计
4.7 直流电机速度调节子流程设计
4.8 蓝牙模块子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 红外检测功能测试
5.3 时钟与按键设置功能测试
5.4 酒精检测与声光报警功能测试
5.5 显示功能测试
5.6 蓝牙通信与电机控制功能测试
5.7 系统综合运行测试
第6章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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