设计说明书
总字数：15000+
摘要
在家庭生活中，可燃气体泄漏与火灾隐患严重威胁生命财产安全。传统报警器多功能单一，仅能实现简单报警，缺乏主动处置与远程监测能力，难以在险情初期有效控制风险。因此，研发一种具备多参数监测、自动处置、远程联动及便捷交互功能的家用安全监测设备十分必要。
本设计提出了一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的家用可燃气体报警器。系统主要功能包括：通过 MQ-135 传感器检测环境中可燃气体浓度，当浓度超过设置阈值时，立即启动声光报警并通过继电器驱动风扇通风；借助 YS-17 火焰检测模块监测火灾险情，检测到火焰后同步触发声光报警与通风操作；通过按键可现场自定义可燃气体浓度阈值，适配不同场景需求；OLED 显示屏实时显示当前可燃气体浓度、阈值及设备工作状态；通过 ESP8266-WIFI 模块将检测数据上传至手机端，支持手机远程设置阈值，当检测到可燃气体泄漏或火灾时，手机端同步弹出提醒。
该家用可燃气体报警器的作用在于，构建了 “监测 – 报警 – 处置 – 远程通知” 的一体化安全防护体系。通过多维度监测与主动通风处置，能在险情初期有效降低风险；远程联动功能实现了随时随地的安全监护，为家庭安全提供了全方位保障，提升了居住安全性与应急响应效率。
关键词：单片机；可燃气体报警器；安全监测；远程联动；声光报警
Design of household combustible gas alarm
Abstract
In family life, combustible gas leaks and fire hazards pose a serious threat to life and property safety. Traditional alarm systems have multiple functions and are limited to simple alarms, lacking proactive handling and remote monitoring capabilities, making it difficult to effectively control risks in the early stages of danger. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a home safety monitoring device with multi parameter monitoring, automatic disposal, remote linkage, and convenient interaction functions.
This design proposes a household combustible gas alarm based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The main functions of the system include: detecting the concentration of combustible gases in the environment through MQ-135 sensors. When the concentration exceeds the set threshold, it immediately triggers an audible and visual alarm and drives the fan for ventilation through a relay; Using the YS-17 flame detection module to monitor fire hazards, synchronously triggering sound and light alarms and ventilation operations upon detecting flames; The combustible gas concentration threshold can be customized on-site through buttons, adapting to different scene requirements; The OLED display screen displays the current combustible gas concentration, threshold, and equipment working status in real-time; Upload the detection data to the mobile phone through the ESP8266-WIFI module, supporting remote threshold setting on the phone. When a combustible gas leak or fire is detected, the mobile phone will synchronously pop up a reminder.
The function of this household combustible gas alarm is to establish an integrated safety protection system of “monitoring alarm disposal remote notification”. Through multi-dimensional monitoring and active ventilation disposal, risks can be effectively reduced in the early stages of dangerous situations; The remote linkage function enables security monitoring anytime and anywhere, providing comprehensive protection for family safety and improving residential safety and emergency response efficiency.
Keywords：microcontroller; Combustible gas alarm; Safety monitoring; Remote linkage; audible and visual alarm
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 可燃气体检测模块电路设计
3.4 火焰检测模块电路设计
3.5 声光报警模块电路设计
3.6 继电器模块电路设计
3.7 显示模块电路设计
3.8 按键模块电路设计
3.9 WIFI 通信模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 WiFi模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 可燃气体检测与联动功能测试
5.3 火焰检测与联动功能测试
5.4 声光报警模块功能测试
5.5 显示与按键模块功能测试
5.6 WIFI 通信模块功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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