设计说明书
总字数：18000+
摘要
在教育信息化快速推进的背景下，教室环境的智能化调控对提升教学效率、节约能源具有重要意义。传统的教室管理依赖人工操作灯光、风扇、窗帘等设备，存在能源浪费、响应不及时、管理效率低等问题，难以满足现代化教学对便捷、节能环境的需求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能教室控制系统，整合了 HWFS 与 HWJS 分离式红外检测模块、D203S 热释电传感器、DS18B20 温度传感器、5516 光照检测模块、DS1302 时钟模块、3 个独立按键、OLED 显示屏及继电器模块（控制照明灯、风扇、窗帘、投影仪），实现了教室环境的自动化监测与智能调控。系统核心功能包括：通过 HWFS 与 HWJS 检测教室人数，人数归零时关闭所有设备并进入待机状态；通过 D203S 检测到有人且光照较低时，自动开启照明灯；通过 DS18B20 检测环境温度，温度高于最大值且有人时，自动开启风扇（触发后持续运行，人数归零时关闭）；通过 5516 检测光照，光照大于最大值且有人时自动打开窗帘并关灯，光照小于最小值且有人时自动开灯、关闭窗帘，打开投影仪时自动关闭窗帘；通过 DS1302 获取当前时间；通过 OLED 显示时间、人数及温度；通过 3 个独立按键进行参数设置，控制照明灯、风扇、窗帘及投影仪的开关。
该系统的实现，有效提升了教室环境调控的自动化与智能化水平，减少了人工干预，降低了能源消耗，为师生创造了舒适的教学环境，同时为同类智能楼宇设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；智能教室；控制系统；传感器；自动调控；红外检测
ABSTRACT
In the context of the rapid advancement of educational informatization, intelligent regulation of classroom environments is of great significance for improving teaching efficiency and saving energy. Traditional classroom management relies on manual operation of equipment such as lights, fans, and curtains, which has problems such as energy waste, delayed response, and low management efficiency, making it difficult to meet the needs of modern teaching for a convenient and energy-saving environment.
The intelligent classroom control system based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates HWFS and HWJS separate infrared detection modules, D203S pyroelectric sensors, DS18B20 temperature sensors, 5516 light detection modules, DS1302 clock modules, 3 independent buttons, OLED displays, and relay modules (controlling lighting, fans, curtains, projectors), realizing automatic monitoring and intelligent regulation of the classroom environment. The core functions of the system include: detecting the number of people in the classroom through HWFS and HWJS, turning off all devices and entering standby mode when the number of people is zero; automatically turning on the lighting when D203S detects people and the light is low; detecting the ambient temperature through DS18B20, automatically turning on the fan when the temperature is higher than the maximum value and there are people (running continuously after triggering, turning off when the number of people is zero); detecting light through 5516, automatically opening curtains and turning off lights when the light is greater than the maximum value and there are people, automatically turning on lights and closing curtains when the light is less than the minimum value and there are people, and automatically closing curtains when the projector is turned on; obtaining the current time through DS1302; displaying time, number of people and temperature through OLED; performing parameter settings through 3 independent buttons to control the on/off of lighting, fans, curtains and projectors.
The implementation of this system effectively improves the automation and intelligence level of classroom environment regulation, reduces manual intervention, reduces energy consumption, creates a comfortable teaching environment for teachers and students, and provides a reference for the research and development of similar intelligent building equipment, with high practical application value.
Keywords: STM32F103C8T6; Intelligent classroom; Control system; Sensor; Automatic regulation; Infrared detection
目录
第 1 章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第 2 章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 人数检测模块选择
2.1.3 热释电传感器选择
2.1.4 温度传感器选择
2.1.5 光照检测模块选择
2.1.6 时钟模块选择
2.1.7 显示模块选择
2.1.8 按键模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 人数检测模块电路
3.3 热释电传感器电路
3.4 温度传感器电路
3.5 光照检测模块电路
3.6 时钟模块电路
3.7 显示模块电路
3.8 按键模块电路
3.9 执行设备驱动电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 OLED显示子流程设计
4.4 独立按键子流程设计
4.5 ADC模数转换子流程设计
4.6 温度检测模块子流程设计
4.7 时钟模块子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 人数检测模块功能测试
5.3 热释电传感器功能测试
5.4 温度传感器功能测试
5.5 光照检测模块功能测试
5.6 时钟模块功能测试
5.7 按键设置与显示功能测试
第 6 章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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