设计说明书
总字数：18000+
摘要
随着人们生活节奏的加快和养宠需求的增长，宠物喂养的科学性与便捷性日益受到关注。传统的人工喂养方式不仅依赖主人的时间安排，存在投喂不规律、食量控制不当等问题，还难以实时监测宠物饮食环境的水质、食物余量等状况，难以满足现代宠物精细化喂养的需求。基于 STC89C52 单片机的宠物喂养系统，整合了 DS1302 时钟模块、HX711 重量检测模块、TDS 水质检测模块、YW-J 液位监测模块、CN-TTS 语音播报模块、LCD1602 显示屏、3 个独立按键、ECB02 蓝牙模块及执行设备（继电器控制的喂食装置、抽水装置），实现了宠物喂养的自动化与智能化管理。系统核心功能包括：通过 DS1302 获取实时时间，当到达预设投喂时间时，触发语音提醒，并启动两个继电器控制喂食装置，当食物重量超过设置值时停止喂食，同时监测水位，当水位大于最大值时停止抽水；借助 HX711 检测食物重量，实时掌握食物余量；通过 TDS 水质检测模块监测水质，当水质数值大于最大值时，CN-TTS 语音播报模块发出换水提醒；利用 YW-J 液位监测模块监测水位，保障供水稳定；支持通过 3 个独立按键修正实时时间、添加投喂时间、设置投喂食物重量及水位最大值；通过 LCD1602 显示屏实时显示时间、食物重量、水质、水位等数据；利用 ECB02 蓝牙模块将检测数据上传至手机端，实现手机远程控制喂食和喂水。
该系统的实现，有效提升了宠物喂养的自动化与智能化水平，减少了人工干预，确保了投喂的规律性与精准性，为宠物提供了更适宜的饮食环境，同时为同类宠物喂养设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STC89C52；宠物喂养；自动控制；传感器；蓝牙通信；智能管理
ABSTRACT
With the acceleration of people’s life rhythm and the growth of pet-raising demand, the scientificity and convenience of pet feeding have attracted increasing attention. Traditional manual feeding methods not only rely on the owner’s schedule, with problems such as irregular feeding and improper food amount control, but also it is difficult to monitor the water quality, food residue and other conditions of the pet’s diet environment in real time, which is difficult to meet the needs of modern refined pet feeding.
The pet feeding system based on STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer integrates DS1302 clock module, HX711 weight detection module, TDS water quality detection module, YW-J liquid level monitoring module, CN-TTS voice broadcast module, LCD1602 display, 3 independent buttons, ECB02 Bluetooth module and executive devices (feeding device and water pumping device controlled by relays), realizing automatic and intelligent management of pet feeding. The core functions of the system include: obtaining real-time time through DS1302, when the preset feeding time is reached, triggering voice reminders, and starting two relays to control the feeding device, stopping feeding when the food weight exceeds the set value, and monitoring the water level at the same time, stopping pumping when the water level is greater than the maximum value; detecting food weight with HX711 to grasp the remaining food in real time; monitoring water quality through TDS water quality detection module, when the water quality value is greater than the maximum value, CN-TTS voice broadcast module sends a reminder to change water; using YW-J liquid level monitoring module to monitor the water level to ensure stable water supply; supporting correction of real-time time, addition of feeding time, setting of feeding weight and maximum water level through 3 independent buttons; real-time display of time, food weight, water quality, water level and other data through LCD1602 display; uploading detection data to the mobile phone through ECB02 Bluetooth module to realize remote control of feeding and watering via mobile phone.
The implementation of this system effectively improves the automation and intelligence level of pet feeding, reduces manual intervention, ensures the regularity and accuracy of feeding, provides a more suitable diet environment for pets, and also provides a reference for the research and development of similar pet feeding equipment, with high practical application value.
Keywords: STC89C52; Pet feeding; Automatic control; Sensor; Bluetooth communication; Intelligent management
目录
第 1 章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 时钟模块选择
2.1.3 重量检测模块选择
2.1.4 水质检测模块选择
2.1.5 液位监测模块选择
2.1.6 语音播报模块选择
2.1.7 显示模块选择
2.1.8 蓝牙模块选择
2.1.9 按键模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 时钟模块电路
3.3 重量检测模块电路
3.4 水质检测模块电路
3.5 液位监测模块电路
3.6 语音播报模块电路
3.7 显示模块电路
3.8 蓝牙模块电路
3.9 按键模块电路
3.10 执行设备驱动电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 A/D模数转换子流程
4.5 时钟模块子流程
4.6 LCD1602液晶显示子流程
4.7 语音播报模块子流程设计
4.7 称重模块HX711模块子流程
4.8 蓝牙模块子流程
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 时钟模块功能测试
5.3 重量检测模块功能测试
5.4 水质检测模块功能测试
5.5 液位监测模块功能测试
5.6 语音播报模块功能测试
5.7 蓝牙模块功能测试
5.8 按键设置与显示功能测试
第 6 章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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