设计说明书
总字数：14000+
摘要
在家庭生活中，灶具使用的安全性至关重要。灶具使用过程中若出现温度过高或可燃气泄漏等情况，未能及时发现和处理，可能引发火灾、爆炸等严重安全事故，威胁人们的生命财产安全。因此，研发一种能实时监测灶具周边环境状态、及时预警安全隐患的智能控制系统具有重要的现实意义。
本设计提出一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能灶具控制系统。系统主要功能包括：通过 MLX90614 红外温度传感器检测当前环境温度，当温度大于预设最大值且检测到环境有人时，启动声光报警提醒；若检测到环境无人，在声光报警的同时通过 4G 模块发送短信 “温度过高，请速速查看！”；通过 MQ-5 气体传感器检测环境中的可燃气浓度，当浓度大于预设最大值时，触发声光报警并发送短信 “可燃气泄漏，请速速查看！”；通过 D203S 人体热释电传感器判断当前环境是否有人；用户可通过按键设置温度和可燃气浓度的最大值阈值；OLED 显示屏实时显示环境温度、可燃气浓度、阈值参数及系统报警状态。
该系统的作用在于构建了全方位的灶具安全监测与预警机制。通过多传感器协同检测，实时掌握温度、可燃气浓度及人员 presence 等关键信息，结合分级报警策略（声光报警 + 短信通知），能在安全隐患出现时快速响应，有效降低事故发生风险。为家庭灶具安全使用提供了智能化的保障方案，提升了居家生活的安全性与可靠性。
关键词：单片机；智能灶具；安全监测；温度检测；可燃气检测
Design of Intelligent Stove Control System
Abstract
The safety of using stoves is crucial in family life. If the temperature or combustible gas leakage occurs during the use of the stove and is not detected and dealt with in a timely manner, it may cause serious safety accidents such as fires and explosions, threatening people’s life and property safety. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop an intelligent control system that can monitor the environmental status around the stove in real time and timely warn of safety hazards.
This design proposes an intelligent stove control system based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The main functions of the system include: detecting the current ambient temperature through the MLX90614 infrared temperature sensor. When the temperature exceeds the preset maximum value and someone is detected in the environment, an audible and visual alarm reminder will be activated; If no one is detected in the environment, at the same time as the sound and light alarm, send a text message through the 4G module saying “Temperature too high, please check quickly; Detect the concentration of combustible gas in the environment through the MQ-5 gas sensor. When the concentration exceeds the preset maximum value, trigger an audible and visual alarm and send a text message saying “combustible gas leak, please check quickly; Use the D203S human pyroelectric sensor to determine if there are people in the current environment; Users can set the maximum threshold values for temperature and combustible gas concentration through buttons; The OLED display screen displays real-time environmental temperature, combustible gas concentration, threshold parameters, and system alarm status.
The function of this system is to establish a comprehensive monitoring and early warning mechanism for stove safety. Through multi-sensor collaborative detection, key information such as temperature, combustible gas concentration, and personnel presence can be grasped in real time. Combined with a graded alarm strategy (sound and light alarm+SMS notification), it can quickly respond to safety hazards and effectively reduce the risk of accidents. Provided an intelligent guarantee solution for the safe use of household stoves, enhancing the safety and reliability of home life.
Keywords：microcontroller; Intelligent stove; Safety monitoring; Temperature detection; Flammable gas detection
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 温度检测模块电路设计
3.4 可燃气检测模块电路设计
3.5 人体检测模块电路设计
3.6 按键模块电路设计
3.7 显示模块电路设计
3.8 声光报警模块电路设计
3.9 4G 通信模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 红外测温模块子流程设计
4.6 ADC模数转换子流程设计
4.7 发送短信子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 温度检测与报警功能测试
5.3 可燃气检测与报警功能测试
5.4 人体检测功能测试
5.5 阈值设置功能测试
5.6 显示功能测试
5.7 4G 通信功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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