设计说明书
总字数：15000+
摘要
随着绿色出行理念的普及，自行车成为人们短途通勤与休闲运动的重要选择，而骑行过程中的安全与健康监测需求日益凸显。传统自行车缺乏对骑行者生理状态及车辆关键参数的实时监测能力，心率异常、胎压异常或超速等问题若不能及时察觉，可能导致意外事故发生。因此，研发一种能全面监测骑行状态、及时预警风险的智能自行车监测系统具有重要现实意义。
本设计提出一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能自行车监测系统。系统主要功能包括：通过 MAX30102 模块实时检测骑行者心率，当心率超出预设最大或最小值时触发声光报警；借助 XGZP6847 模块监测自行车胎压，胎压超出最大阈值或低于最小阈值时启动声光报警；通过 KY-003 速度检测模块获取车辆行驶速度，速度超过最大值时发出声光警示；通过按键可手动设置心率、胎压、速度的阈值参数，并控制 MX1508 驱动的直流电机以低速、中速、高速模式运行；OLED 显示屏实时显示心率、胎压、速度等关键数据；通过 ECBO2 蓝牙模块将监测数据传输至手机端，支持手机远程设置各项阈值及控制车辆行驶速度。
该智能自行车监测系统的作用在于构建了 “生理 – 车辆 – 环境” 多维度的骑行安全保障体系。通过实时监测心率保障骑行者健康安全，胎压监测预防爆胎等车辆故障，速度预警避免超速风险；多样化的交互方式与远程控制功能提升了操作便捷性。为骑行者提供了全面、及时的安全与健康监测服务，有效降低骑行风险，提升骑行体验与安全性。
关键词：智能自行车；STM32；心率监测；胎压检测；速度预警
Intelligent bicycle monitoring system
Abstract
With the popularization of green travel concepts, bicycles have become an important choice for people’s short distance commuting and leisure sports, and the demand for safety and health monitoring during cycling is becoming increasingly prominent. Traditional bicycles lack real-time monitoring capabilities for the physiological status of riders and key parameters of the vehicle. If problems such as abnormal heart rate, tire pressure, or speeding cannot be detected in a timely manner, accidents may occur. Therefore, developing an intelligent bicycle monitoring system that can comprehensively monitor riding status and timely warn of risks is of great practical significance.
This design proposes an intelligent bicycle monitoring system based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The main functions of the system include: real-time detection of the rider’s heart rate through the MAX30102 module, triggering sound and light alarms when the heart rate exceeds the preset maximum or minimum value; Using the XGZP6847 module to monitor bicycle tire pressure, sound and light alarms will be activated when the tire pressure exceeds the maximum threshold or falls below the minimum threshold; Obtain the vehicle’s driving speed through the KY-003 speed detection module, and issue an audible and visual warning when the speed exceeds the maximum value; The threshold parameters for heart rate, tire pressure, and speed can be manually set through buttons, and the DC motor driven by MX1508 can be controlled to operate in low-speed, medium speed, and high-speed modes; The OLED display screen displays key data such as heart rate, fetal pressure, and speed in real-time; The monitoring data is transmitted to the mobile phone through the ECBO2 Bluetooth module, supporting remote setting of various thresholds and control of vehicle driving speed on the mobile phone.
The function of this intelligent bicycle monitoring system is to build a multi-dimensional cycling safety guarantee system of “physiology vehicle environment”. Real time monitoring of heart rate ensures the health and safety of riders, tire pressure monitoring prevents vehicle malfunctions such as tire blowouts, and speed warnings avoid the risk of speeding; The diversified interaction methods and remote control functions have improved the convenience of operation. We provide comprehensive and timely safety and health monitoring services for cyclists, effectively reducing cycling risks and improving cycling experience and safety.
Keywords： smart bicycle; STM32； Heart rate monitoring; Tire pressure testing; Speed warning
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 心率检测模块电路设计
3.4 胎压检测模块电路设计
3.5 速度检测模块电路设计
3.6 电机驱动模块电路设计
3.7 显示模块电路设计
3.8 按键模块电路设计
3.9 声光报警模块电路设计
3.10 蓝牙通信模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 直流电机-MX1508驱动模块子流程
4.6 PWM子流程
4.7 蓝牙模块子流程
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 多参数检测与显示功能测试
5.3 声光报警功能测试
5.4 按键交互与电机控制功能测试
5.5 蓝牙通信功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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